Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
Reexamination Certificate
2001-03-29
2002-08-27
Gupta, Yogendra N. (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
C510S170000, C510S171000, C510S172000, C510S173000, C510S201000, C510S365000, C134S038000, C134S040000, C134S041000, C134S042000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06440914
ABSTRACT:
The present invention relates to a liquid composition for de-inking paper, used in the regeneration of pulp obtained from old printed newspapers, magazines, photocopies and computer papers. The present invention also relates to the use of a liquid de-inking composition for de-inking paper.
A subject of the present invention is mainly a liquid de-inking composition and its use, which are adapted for de-inking paper by flotation and/or washing, making it possible to obtain a high-quality regenerated pulp having a high whiteness index and a very low residual content of ink and ensuring a stable and reliable de-inking process. The de-inking operation is very important since it represents one of the fundamental steps for the recycling of old papers.
Many methods for de-inking old papers are known. The recycling of old papers has become a very important industry in which it is desired to develop and establish novel de-inking compositions and their processes using them, which consume little in the way of energy and natural resources and have little environmental impact, while at the same time providing high-quality regenerated pulp.
The conventional and usual processes for de-inking old papers to give base material for papermaking are divided into two categories; the first is a process of de-inking by flotation, and the second is a process of de-inking by washing.
These de-inking processes essentially comprise two phases. The first consists in defibring the old papers, this operation also known as pulping, and the second consists in removing the ink by flotation or washing.
The first phase is carried out by placing in contact, with stirring, old papers with water and a chemical system generally comprising a silicate, a basic agent, a soap or a surfactant, for example an ethoxylated and/or propoxylated fatty alcohol, and a bleaching agent, which are introduced separately. Once the papers have been defibred, according to a first alternative, the pulp is diluted and transferred into a flotation cell into which air is injected via the bottom of the tank. This then produces a foam which entrains the ink particles, either by overflow from the tank containing the pulp, or by suction. According to a second alternative, the pulp is diluted and washed with water, and then separated from the ink particles dispersed in the water by filtration or centrifugation, this step being repeated as many times as necessary in order to obtain a pulp whose qualities are suitable for it to be reused. A third alternative consists in combining the washing and flotation steps to separate the ink from the pulp.
The chemical systems used in de-inking are generally selected as a function of the method of separation of the pulp and the ink particles.
For the processes of separation by washing, the chemical system must be virtually non-foaming under the operating conditions in order to limit any mechanical problem in the devices used. Furthermore, the ink particles to be extracted from the pulp should be fine and well dispersed in the presence of the chemical system in order to increase the efficacy of separation of the said particles and to obtain a high-quality pulp.
For the processes of separation by flotation, the chemical system should have foaming properties that are greater than those of the washing processes. Specifically, the ink particles in this case adhere to the foam generated in the flotation cell, thereby allowing them to be separated from the pulp. Moreover, the ink particles must be capable of agglomerating to form large-sized aggregates, which also facilitates and increases their separation from the pulp and their removal by air bubbles.
The Applicant has developed a novel liquid composition for de-inking paper which can be used both in processes of de-inking by flotation and in processes of de-inking by flotation and washing.
The novel liquid composition according to the invention affords a high-quality regenerated pulp with a high whiteness index and a very low residual content of ink, while at the same time ensuring a highly efficient and reliable industrial process using the said composition. In addition, the liquid composition according to the invention has the advantage of having virtually no ecotoxicity, and therefore its use for de-inking paper has virtually no environmental impact.
Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the description and examples which follow.
The novel liquid de-inking composition developed by the Applicant comprises at least one surfactant of polyalkoxylated terpenic origin of formula:
Z—X—W—[CH(R
5
)—CH(R
6
)—O]
q
—A (I)
in which:
the symbol Z represents a bicyclo[a,b,c]heptenyl or bicyclo[a,b,c]heptyl radical, optionally substituted with at least one C
1
-C
6
alkyl radical, preferably methyl, a, b and c being such that:
a+b+c=5,
a=2, 3 or 4,
b=1 or 2,
c=0 or 1,
the symbol X represents a group:
—CH
2
—C(R
1
)(R
2
)—O— in which the symbols R
1
and R
2
, which may be identical or different, represent a linear or branched C
1
-C
6
(cyclo)alkyl or (cyclo)alkenyl group, in particular methyl, or preferably a hydrogen atom,
or —O—CH(R′
1
)—CH(R′
2
)—O— in which the symbols R′
1
and R′
2
, which may be identical or different, represent a linear or branched C
1
-C
22
(cyclo)alkyl or (cyclo)alkenyl group, in particular methyl, or preferably a hydrogen atom,
the symbols R
5
and R
6
, which are different, represent for one a hydrogen atom and for the other a linear or branched C
1
-C
22
(cyclo)alkyl or (cyclo)alkenyl group, preferably methyl,
q is an average value between 1 and 30, preferably between 5 and 20,
W represents a polyblock group consisting of different blocks —[B]
n
— and —[C]
p
—,
B representing a group —CH(R
3
)—CH(R
4
)—O—, in which R
3
and R
4
, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C
1
-C
22
(cyclo)alkyl or (cyclo)alkenyl group, preferably methyl, R
3
and R
4
being different when one of them represents hydrogen,
C representing an oxyethylenated group —CH
2
—CH
2
—O— (EO),
n being an average value between 1 and 10, preferably between 2 and 4,
p being an average value between 1 and 100, preferably between 3 and 20,
the said polyblock group W being linked to the unit X via one of its blocks —[B]
n
—,
A represents a hydrogen atom, a C
1
-C
6
alkyl radical, an aryl or alkylaryl radical, a halogen atom, a group —CH
2
—CH(OH)R
7
, in which the symbol R represents a linear or branched or cyclic C
1
-C
22
alkyl or aryl radical, or a group chosen from —SO
3
M, —OPO
3
(M)
2
, —(CH
2
)
a
—COOM, —(CH
2
)
b
—SO
3
M, with a and b ranging from 1 to 6, M representing H, Na, K, Li, N(RR′R″R′″)
+
in which the symbols R, R′, R″ and R′″ are identical or different and represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched or cyclic, optionally hydroxylated, C
1
-C
22
alkyl radical.
The symbol Z preferably represents a radical Z
1
or Z
2
,
Z
1
being a radical such as:
bicyclo[3.1.1]heptenyl, preferably substituted on its carbon atom in position 6 with at least one C
1
-C
6
alkyl radical, most particularly with two methyl radicals, the said bicyclo[3.1.1]heptenyl radical being linked to the unit X of formula —CH
2
—C(R
1
)(R
2
)—O— via its carbon atom in position 2;
or bicyclo[2.2.1]heptenyl, preferably substituted on its carbon atom in position 7 with at least one C
1
-C
6
alkyl radical, most particularly with two methyl radicals, the said bicyclo[2.2.1]heptenyl radical being linked to the unit X of formula —CH
2
—C(R
1
)(R
2
)—O— via its carbon atom in position 2 or 3;
Z
2
being a bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl radical, preferably substituted on its carbon atom in position 7 with at least one C
1
-C
6
alkyl radical, most particularly with two methyl radicals, the said bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl radical being linked to the unit X of formula —O—CH
Burns Doane Swecker & Mathis L.L.P.
Gupta Yogendra N.
Rhodia Chimie
Webb Gregory E.
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