Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – Specific organic component
Patent
1995-12-18
1997-12-09
Lieberman, Paul
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
Specific organic component
510108, 510119, 510130, 510159, 510221, 510236, 510337, 510340, 510342, 510351, 510356, 510397, 510427, 510432, 510497, 510498, 510495, 510505, 510507, 514777, 514881, C11D 322, C11D 314, C11D 1100, C11D 1700
Patent
active
056960743
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Summary of the Invention
This invention relates to liquid crystalline, aqueous surfactant preparations of low concentration which contain alkyl glycosides and certain long-chain alcohols and optionally synthetic anionic surfactants, to a process for their production and to their use for the production of detergents or cleaning compositions.
2. Statement of Related Art
The fact that alkyl glycosides containing long-chain alkyl groups belong to the nonionic surfactants has been known for some time. The expert also knows, as described for example in A. M. Schwartz, J. W. Perry, Surface Active Agents, Vol. I, Interscience Publishers, 1949, page 372, that surfactant mixtures generally show synergistic effects and often have better cleaning properties than might be expected from the sum of the values of the individual components.
Detergents containing alkyl glycosides in combination with at least one typical anionic surfactant in a ratio of 1:10 to 10:1 are described in European patent application EP 070 074. Detergents containing alkyl glycosides and anionic surfactants are also known from European patent application EP 092 877. In addition, liquid detergents containing alkyl glycosides, certain other nonionic surfactants and anionic surfactants are known from European patent application EP 105 556. Alkyl-glycoside-containing liquid detergents containing typical anionic surfactants are also known from International patent application WO 86/02943. A process for the production of alkyl glycosides using catalytic quantities of an anionic surfactant in its acid form is known from European patent application EP 132 043. In European patent application EP 132 046, it is proposed to modify this production process by addition of certain bases after the actual reaction in order to neutralize the catalyst.
The alkyl-glycoside-based compounds mentioned in these documents for detergents or cleaning compositions are relatively highly concentrated aqueous solutions or pastes because the components to be mixed together to form the final formulations are intended to have as high an active substance content as possible. At the same time, they must be easy to handle, i.e. they should have a low viscosity and should be flowable and readily pumpable. By contrast, water-containing liquid products as used by the consumer, including in particular liquid detergents, dishwashing detergents and universal cleaners and also cosmetic products, for example hair shampoos or body lotions, are required to have a certain minimum viscosity although the active substance content of such products is generally relatively low. It is known from International patent application WO 91/04313 that the viscosity of detergents containing anionic and/or amphoteric surfactants is reduced by the addition of a combination of alkyl glycoside and alkali metal chloride. The alkali metal chloride content is said to be as low as possible so that the reduction in viscosity is mainly attributable to the alkyl glycoside.
Aqueous surfactant preparations containing 2 to 15% by weight of alkyl glycoside and 0.05 to 2% by weight of an anionic surfactant of the sulfate and/or sulfonate type are known from German patent application DE 41 34 071. These preparations are gel-like, isotropic viscoelastic solutions with a viscosity in the range from 250 mPa.cndot.s to 10,000 mPa.cndot.s. Accordingly, these solutions combine a desirable concentration for end products with a viscosity which is easy to handle by the consumer. However, fine-particle solids cannot readily be incorporated in the aqueous surfactant systems known from this document in such a way that they remain stable in storage, i.e. do not undergo phase separation and/or sedimentation.
For reasons of physical stability, surfactant systems which form lamellar liquid crystals are of interest for the making-up of liquid products containing undissolved solids. The occurrence of liquid crystalline phases in the water/soap system has long been known, cf. for example the review by F. B. Rosevae
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J. Soc. Cosmetic Chemists 19, Aug. 1968, pp. 581-594.
Hofmann Rainer
Nickel Dieter
Weuthen Manfred
Douyon Lorna M.
Drach John E.
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Lieberman Paul
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