Compositions – Liquid crystal compositions – Containing nonchiral additive having no specified mesophase
Patent
1988-03-17
1990-04-10
Gron, Teddy S.
Compositions
Liquid crystal compositions
Containing nonchiral additive having no specified mesophase
25229901, 25229965, 25229966, 25229967, 25229963, 428 1, 350350S, C09K 1954
Patent
active
049158678
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to a liquid crystalline polymer and more particularly, to a liquid crystal high molecular weight polymer which can be readily obtained by merely mixing a low molecular weight compound and a high molecular weight compound and in which said low molecular weight compound is uniformly distributed in a matrix of the high molecular weight compound, suitably a polymer.
BACKGROUND TECHNIQUE
Hitherto, various liquid crystals of low molecular weight compounds have been known, but they are less than fully satisfactory because being made of low molecular weight compounds, they are inferior in their ability to retain their shape (generally including the properties of liquid crystal compound capable of being molded into desired forms).
Therefore, there have been proposed compositions comprising simple mixtures of a high molecular weight compound with liquid crystals of low molecular weight compound or high molecular weight compounds which has a low molecular weight liquid crystal compound thereto through the backbone of the compound, or to a side chain thereof through a covalent linkage, which have improved shape retention properties.
However, since the terminal group of a low molecular weight liquid crystal compound is generally an alkyl group, mixing of a high molecular weight compound with a low molecular weight liquid crystal compound results in a non-uniform mixed state. The low molecular weight liquid crystal is dispersed in discrete areas throughout the high molecular weight compound. Since the liquid crystal compound is not uniformly mixed with the high molecular weight compound, various defects become apparent when the composition is utilized as a liquid crystal. For example, non-uniform distribution of the low molecular weight liquid crystal compound in the matrix of high molecular weight compound causes nonuniform response and deterioration in definition when applied to display elements
Moreover when a liquid crystal compound is bonded to a high molecular weight compound through covalent linkage, reaction conditions suitable to such bonding must be achieved and it is not simple to bond a liquid crystal compound to a high molecular weight compound.
The object of this invention is to provide a liquid crystal high molecular weight material which is not a mere mixture of a high molecular weight compound and a low molecular weight liquid crystal compound and further is not one where a high molecular weight compound and a low molecular weight liquid crystal compound are bonded through a covalent linkage.
Another object of this invention is to provide a liquid crystal high molecular weight material which can be produced by the simple operation of mixing.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The gist of this invention, for attaining above objects, is a liquid crystal high molecular weight material, characterized by having liquid crystallinity, and containing a non-liquid crystalline polymer having a proton donor and/or acceptor, and a low molecular weight compound, containing in the molecule, a proton acceptor and/or a proton donor, capable of bonding to said proton donor and/or proton acceptor of the non-liquid crystal polymer which was a liquid crystal without the proton acceptor/donor constituent, bonded together respectively through a hydrogen bond.
The basis of this invention is that a functional group capable of bonding, through a hydrogen bond, is bonded to a low molecular weight liquid crystal compound and the resulting non-liquid crystal compound or liquid crystal compound is mixed with a non-liquid crystalline polymer having a functional group capable of bonding thereto through a hydrogen bond, whereby a liquid crystal high molecular weight material, which is not a mere mixture, is obtained.
It is surprising that a liquid crystal high molecular weight material is obtained by thus bonding a low molecular weight compound, rendered non-liquid crystalline by introduction of a functional group, and a non-liquid-crystal polymer.
Therefore, the non-liquid-crystalline polymer of
REFERENCES:
patent: 4434262 (1984-02-01), Buckley
Finkelman, H. in Thermotropic Liquid Crystals, Gray, G. W., ed. Wiley, Chichester, 1987, Chapter 6.
Shibaev, V. P.; Plate, N. A. in Advances in Polymer Science, 60/61, Gordon, M., ed. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1984, p. 173.
Patent Abstracts of Japan, vol. 7, No. 122 (C-168) [1267], May 26th, 1983; & JP-A-58 42 685 (Kogyo Gijutsuin (Japan)) 12-03-1983.
Patent Abstracts of Japan, vol. 12, No. 110 (C-486) [2957], Apr. 8th, 1988; & JP-A-62 238 243 (Idemitsu Kosan Co. Ltd.) 19-10-1987.
Chemical Abstracts, vol. 73, 1970, p. 7, Abstract Nos. 120985d, 120986e, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.; E. Wolfram et al.: "Interaction Between Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) (PVA) and Aliphatic Alcohols of Low Molecular Weight, I. Viscometric Study of Dilute Solutions", & Ann. Univ. Sci. Budapest, Rolando Eotvos Nominatae, Sect. Chim. 1969, 11, 57-62,63-71.
Hachiya Satoshi
Morita Kazuharu
Gron Teddy S.
Idemtsu Kosan Company Limited
Treanor Richard
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