Planetary gear transmission systems or components – With lubricaton
Patent
1991-09-30
1992-10-06
Wright, Dirk
Planetary gear transmission systems or components
With lubricaton
188264E, F16H 128
Patent
active
051527243
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention concerns a liquid-cooled multi-disc brake in which an inner disc carrier is fixedly supported on a drive shaft for supporting inner brake discs, and outer brake discs, which are supported on an outer disc carrier, a feed pipe for coolant leading to the inner disc carrier, in which coolant flows through radially extending ducts of the inner disc carrier toward the inner and outer brake discs and discharges via an outlet of the outer disc carrier.
Liquid-cooled multi-disc brakes of the above mentioned kind are often used in transmission systems. Such multi-disc brakes are preferred, in particular, in heavy utility vehicles, such as wheeled loaders. Those utility vehicles are known to be subject to extreme conditions of use. The liquid-cooled multi-disc brakes are accordingly also exposed to high stresses. It is not uncommon that in a wheeled loader, for instance, in the industrial performance "load" that the multi-disc brakes can be actuated up to seven times per minute at full engine power. Under such a stress it is no wonder that the coolant can reach high limit temperatures, as will particularly occur in case of insufficient coolant throughput and high external temperatures.
DE-OS 37 32 760 has disclosed a friction brake with liquid cooling in which the coolant is fed to an annular space after which it is splashed out between the discs of a multi-disc brake making use of the centrifugal force. The circulation of the coolant is dependent on the actuation of a multi-disc brake, since during the closing or opening of the multi-disc brake the feed pipe is either opened or closed. This is disadvantageous, since the temperature of the multi-disc brake increases with the delay per time unit. Additionally, the coolant throughput through the disc assembly of that multi-disc brake is too slow. The volume of coolant available is insufficient and accordingly becomes quickly heated to high temperatures under unfavorable conditions.
European patent 00 76 387 B1 has disclosed a vehicle axle having a coolant circuit wherein a pump takes care of the forced circulation of the coolant. The coolant is sucked by a pump from a collector via a suction tube and fed via additional pipelines to the disc assembly of the multi-disc brake. The pump is a relatively expensive, important component which must be protected with special care against foreign bodies. In the solution known already, this was done by inserting a filter which was to keep away from the pump the portion, known to be relatively large, of foreign bodies in the circulating coolant. To ensure a reliable operation, a control of the filter is needed, which means an elevated maintenance cost.
British patent 20 91 350 A has also disclosed a wheel head for sprocket wheels of vehicles where the hub, in which a planetary transmission and multi-disc brake are accommodated, is partially filled with coolant. The hub is rotatably mounted on a hollow axle and is penetrated by a drive shaft. Between the drive shaft and the hollow axle an annular gap is formed through which the coolant flows toward the wheel head. The annular gap discharges in a transversal hole in the drive shaft. A hole extending in the longitudinal direction of the drive shaft creates communication between the transversal hole and radially extending ducts in the drive shaft and a disc carrier, which is part of the internal central gear of the planetary transmission. The coolant exiting on the periphery of the multi-disc brake is drained via openings in a ring-gear carrier of the planetary transmission. In this arrangement, the construction of the feed pipe for the coolant is, on one hand, expensive from the point of view of manufacturing and, on the other hand, disadvantageous in relation to the strength of the drive shaft. There must further be used an external pump--having the above mentioned disadvantages--in order to circulate the coolant.
The problem to be solved by this invention is to improve a liquid-cooled multi-disc brake of the kind mentioned above by increasing the coolant throughput as
REFERENCES:
patent: 2816630 (1957-12-01), Kelley et al.
patent: 3540557 (1970-11-01), Hassebacher et al.
patent: 3768613 (1973-10-01), Brunner
patent: 4576256 (1986-03-01), Rosger
patent: 4655326 (1987-04-01), Osenbaugh
Bier Waldemar
Kuhner Karl
Lommel Albrecht
Scheiber Friedrich
Sonnleitner Hermann
Wright Dirk
Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen AG
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