Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – With scrubbing or scouring component
Reexamination Certificate
2002-04-18
2003-12-30
Gupta, Yogendra N. (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
With scrubbing or scouring component
C510S395000, C510S418000, C510S421000, C510S426000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06670318
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a liquid cleanser ensuring excellent dirtremovability.
2. Description of Prior Art
Liquid cleansers are now in wide use for removing degraded or scorched oil smears, fur at the sink dresser of kitchen, fur on bathtub, dirt on sash or furniture, rust on vehicle or bicycle, feces attached to toilet stools and the like, and also for removing a dark or somber skin of accessories such as of jewels or noble metals, or metallic articles so as to bring out the luster. Nevertheless, currently employed liquid cleansers are not necessarily enough and satisfactory for removability against oily and slimy fur in kitchen or the like.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the invention is to provide a liquid cleanser which overcomes the drawbacks of the prior art and ensures excellent dirt or fur removability.
The inventors have found that an RB ceramic or a CRB ceramic described hereinafter is excellent as a polishing material and that because of their black color, these ceramics permit dirty spots to be readily found out and are thus suitable as a cleanser ingredient. The invention has been accomplished based on this finding.
More particularly, the invention provides a liquid cleanser, which comprises an aqueous medium, a surface active agent and a polishing material wherein the polishing material contains as at least one component thereof an RB ceramic or a CRB ceramic powder.
The RB ceramic used in the liquid cleanser of the invention is a carbonaceous material that is obtained by using rice bran produced at 900,000 tons/year in Japan and at 33,000,000 tons/year in the world, and is known according to the studies made by Kazuo Hokkirigawa, one of co-inventors of this application (see “Functional Materials” May 1997, Vol. 17, No. 5. pp. 24 to 28).
In this literature, reference is made to a carbon material (hereinafter referred to as RB ceramic) wherein the material is obtained by blending and kneading defatted bran derived from rice bran and a thermosetting resin, followed by drying a compact obtained by pressure forming and subsequently baking the dried compact in an atmosphere of an inert gas thus obtaining a carbon material (hereinafter referred to as RB ceramic).
The RB ceramic and a further improved, novel ceramic thereof (hereinafter referred to as CRB ceramic) are eco-friendly ceramic materials, which are obtained by mixing defatted bran derived from rice bran with a thermosetting resin with the following characteristic properties.
Higher hardness.
Smaller expansion coefficient.
Porous micro structure.
Good electric conductivity.
Small specific gravity and light weight.
Excellent abrasion resistance.
Easy to form and easy to fabricate in a die.
Ceramics having a diversity of features can be formed by blending different types of resins.
The materials being made of rice bran, they have little adverse effect on global environment, leading to conservation of natural resources.
The CRB ceramic used in the invention is an improved material of the RB ceramic obtained by mixing and kneading defatted bran, derived from rice bran, with a thermosetting resin, subjecting to primary baking in an inert gas at 700° C. to 1000° C., pulverizing the kneaded mixture after the primary baking into carborized powders passing through a sieve at a level of 100 mesh or below. The carbonized powder and the thermosetting resin are further mixed and kneaded, and pressure formed at a pressure of 20 MPa to 30 MPa, and subjecting the compact again to a heat treatment in an inert gas at a temperature in the range from 100° C. to 1100° C. to obtain a ceramic (hereinafter referred to as CRB ceramic). The greatest difference from the RB ceramic resides in that while the contraction ratio of the RB ceramic between the size of a final product and the size at the time of molding is as large as 25%, the CRB ceramic exhibits a contraction ratio as small as 3% or below. In this connection, however, this difference between the RB ceramic and the CRB ceramic may present a problem on dimensional accuracy when applied, for example, to compacts, but is of no problem because it is provided in the form of powder in the practice of the invention. Accordingly, the powders of both types of ceramics can be used without distinction.
EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
The RB ceramic and CRB ceramic materials used as powder in the cleanser of the invention are, respectively, mainly prepared from defatted bran, derived from rice bran, and also from a thermosetting resin.
The defatted bran is irrespective of the kind of rice and may be of domestic or foreign origin.
The thermosetting resin may be any ones so far as they are thermally curable, and typically include phenolic resins, diarylphthalate resins, unsaturated polyester resins, epoxy resins, polyimide resins, triazine resins, of which phenolic resins are used.
Thermoplastic resins, such as polyamides, may be used in combination within a range not departing from the spirit of the invention.
The mixing ratio between the defatted bran and the thermosetting resin ranges from 50:50 to 90:10, preferably, 70:30 to 80:20 on the weight base.
Next, a process of preparing the CRB ceramic material is briefly described.
The defatted bran obtained from rice bran and a thermosetting resin are mixed and kneaded, and subjected to a primarily baking in an inert gas at 700 to 1000° C., followed by pulverizing the kneaded mixture after the primary baking into carbonized powder. The powder and a thermosetting resin are mixed and kneaded, and pressure formed at a pressure of 20 MPa to 30 MPa, and again, the compact is subjected to a heat treatment in an inert gas at a temperature in the range from 100° C. to 1,100° C. The thermosetting resin used for the primary calcination should preferably be a liquid resin having a relatively small molecular weight.
For the primary baking, it is usual to use a rotary kiln, and the primary baking time ranges from about 40 to 120 minutes. The ratio between the carbonized powder obtained through the primary baking and the thermosetting resin ranges from 50:50 to 90:10, preferably 70:30 to 80:20 on the weight base.
The pressure for the pressure forming of the kneaded product of the carbonized powder and the thermosetting resin ranges from 20 to 30 MPa, preferably from 21 to 25 MPa. The temperature of the die is preferably at about 150° C.
For the heat treatment, an electric furnace that is fully controlled is usually used, and the thermal treating time ranges from about 60 to 360 minutes.
A preferred heat treatment temperature ranges from 500° C. to 1,100° C., and a heating rate before reaching the thermal treating temperature is such that relatively moderate temperature rise is required up to 500° C. More particularly, the heating rate is at 0.5 to 2° C./minute, preferably about 1° C./minute.
In order to lower the temperature after subjecting to such a heat treatment, it is required to lower the temperature moderately to a level of 500° C. When the temperature drops to 500° C. or below, the resultant product is allowed to cool naturally.
More particularly, the cooling rate is at 0.5 to 4° C./minute, preferably at about 1° C./minute.
The inert gas used in the course of the primary baking and heat treatment may be any of helium, argon, neon or nitrogen gas, of which nitrogen gas is preferred.
In the practice of the invention, the RB ceramic or CRB ceramic is used in the form of powder. Although the average size of the powder is in the range from 1 &mgr;m to 1,000 &mgr;m, preferably 250 &mgr;m or below, and more preferably 2 &mgr;m to 50 &mgr;m, powder having a larger particle size exhibits a better effect on rust removal against a frying pan whose surface is rusted.
The RB ceramic and CRB ceramic prepared in such a way as set forth hereinabove are commonly hard, porous and light in weight along with a good abrasion resistance. In addition, with the RB ceramic, it is tough and excellent in mechanical characteristics, and can serve in the cleanser of the invention as a novel polishing material in the f
Akiyama Motoharu
Hokkirigawa Kazuo
Yoshimura Noriyuki
Flynn ,Thiel, Boutell & Tanis, P.C.
Gupta Yogendra N.
Minebea Co. Ltd.
Petruncio John M.
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