Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
Reexamination Certificate
1998-12-22
2001-05-29
Ogden, Necholus (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
C510S351000, C510S119000, C510S428000, C510S492000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06239093
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to liquid cleaning compositions (e.g., heavy duty liquid laundry detergents; hair shampoo compositions; dishwashing compositions) containing surfactants selected from dianionic or alkoxylated dianionic cleaning agents and co-surfactants. More particularly, the invention is directed to liquid cleaning compositions containing a surfactant system comprising a dianionic or alkoxylated dianionic cleaning agent having a structural skeleton of at least five carbon atoms to which two anionic substituent groups spaced at least three atoms apart are attached, wherein one anionic substituent group is a sulfate group or an aikoxy-linked sulfate group and the other anionic substituent is selected from sulfate and sulfonate, optionally alkoxy-linked, in combination with one or more other co-surfactants.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Most conventional detergent compositions contain mixtures of various detersive surfactant components. Commonly encountered surfactant components include various anionic surfactants, especially the alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl alkoxy sulfates and various nonionic surfactants, such as alkyl ethoxylates and alkylphenol ethoxylates. Surfactants have found use as detergent components capable of the removal of a wide variety of soils and stains. A consistent effort however is made by detergent manufacturers to improve detersive properties of detergent compositions by providing new and improved surfactants.
A problem commonly associated with surfactants is their apparent sensitivity to free ions in solution. It is believed that an increase in the number of free ions in solution generally results in reduced surfactant performance. The presence of hardness ions (calcium or magnesium ion), which occur naturally in the wash solution, in particular, can reduce surfactant performance. Anionic surfactants are especially sensitive to hardness ions, reducing surfactant performance, eventually precipitating the surfactant from solution as a calcium or magnesium salt.
It is the surprising finding of the present invention that in comparison to other more widely known anionic surfactant components, the dianionic or alkoxylated dianionic cleaning agents utilized herein provide improved cleaning performance in the presence of relatively high levels of hardness ions. Thus, when used in combination with other surfactants in a surfactant system, they provide liquid cleaning compositions having superior cleaning properties. They are especially effective when used in laundry cleaning processes.
In addition, the present invention liquid cleaning compositions are particularly useful for personal cleansing uses, as formulated for use as hair shampoos and body washes.
An advantage of the present invention is the improved cleaning performance of liquid detergent compositions formulated containing the described dianionic or alkoxylated dianionic surfactant component as a part of the total surfactant system.
BACKGROUND ART
Builders having good sequestering capabilities, such as phosphate, in combination with 2-hydrocarbyl-1,4-butanediol ethoxylate disulfate have been discussed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,832,408, to Anderson, issued Aug. 27, 1974. U.S. Pat. No. 3,860,625, to Anderson, issued Jan. 14, 1975 describes 2-hydrocarbyl-1,4-butanediol ethoxylate disulfate as components of phosphate-free detergent compositions. U.S. Pat. No. 3,634,269, to Anderson, issued Jan. 11, 1972 describes 2-hydrocarbyl-1,4-butanediol disulfates as components of phosphate-free detergent compositions. See also Great Britain Patent Specification 1,285,111, published Aug. 9, 1972 by Chevron.
Additionally, U.S. Pat. No. 3,959,334, to Woo, issued May 25, 1976 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,000,081, to Woo, issued Dec. 28, 1976, describe 2-hydrocarbyl-1,4-butanediol disuifates said to be suitable as lime soap dispersants and a method for synthesizing these disulfates. See also Canadian Patent 882148 to Chevron Research Company, issued Sep. 28, 1971, and Chemisch Weekblad, Mar. 18, 1995, 91(11),1.
Disclosures relating to 1,2-disulfates (“vicinal” disulfates) are found in U.S. Pat. No. 4,049,585, to Heckert, issued Sep. 20, 1977 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,651,119, to Anderson, issued Mar. 21, 1972.
Disclosures regarding 1,3-propanediyl bissulfates are found in the Ph.D. Thesis of P. A. Kooreman from Rijksuniversiteit Groningen entitled “Calcium-Tolerant Anionic Surfactants”, particularly Chapters 3,4, and 7 (1995).
See also: U.S. Pat. No. 1,942,812, to Guenther et al, issued Jan. 9, 1934; U.S. Pat. Nos. 1,968,793 and 1,968,795, both to Bertsch, issued Jul. 31, 1934; U.S. Pat. No. 2,014,782, to Schrauth et al, issued Sep. 17, 1935; U.S. Pat. No. 2,618,649, to van Bavel et al, issued Nov. 18, 1952; U.S. Pat. No. 2,802,789, to Stayner, issued Aug. 13, 1957; U.S. Pat. No. 3,842,119, to Bills, Oct. 15, 1974; DE 2,700,071, published Jul. 13, 1978 by Henkel; DE 4,031,268, published Apr. 9, 1992 by Henkel; and EP 662,510, published Jul. 12, 1995 by Stepan Europe. Also DE 2,845,905, published Apr. 24, 1980, by Chemische Werke Huls AG, describes a process for continuous manufacture of butanediol-1,4 by catalytic hydrogenation of maleic anhydride.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to liquid cleaning compositions comprising:
a) as part of the surfactant system, from about 0.1% to about 50% by weight of a dianionic or alkoxylated dianionic cleaning agent comprising a structural skeleton of at least five carbon atoms to which two anionic substituent groups spaced at least three atoms apart are attached, wherein one anionic substituent group is a sulfate group or an alkoxy-linked sulfate group and the other anionic substituent is selected from sulfate and sulfonate, optionally alkoxy-linked;
b) as the other part of the surfactant system, from about 0.1% to about 50% by weight of one or more co-surfactants;
c) from about 1% to about 99.7% by weight of solvent; and
d) from about 0.1% to about 75% by weight of liquid cleaning composition adjunct ingredients.
Preferably, the dianionic cleaning agent is used in the present invention liquid detergent compositions as a component of a surfactant system (i.e., the surfactant system comprises the dianionic or alkoxylated dianionic cleaning agent and one or more co-surfactants) wherein the dianionic cleaning agent is present at levels of from about 0.1 % to about 50%, preferably from about 1% to about 40%, most preferably from about 2% to about 30% by weight of the surfactant system. When used the alkoxylated dianionic cleaning agent is preferably present at levels of from about 0.1% to about 50%, preferably from about 1% to about 40%, most preferably from about 2% to about 30% by weight of the surfactant system. It is to be noted however that higher levels of dianionic or alkoxylated dianionic cleaning agent are within the present invention. It is to be noted however that higher levels of dianionic or alkoxylated dianionic cleaning agent are within the present invention.
Preferably, these liquid compositions comprise a surfactant system further comprising one or more co-surfactants selected from: anionic surfactants, preferably selected from the group of alkyl alkoxylated sulfates, alkyl sulfates, and/or linear alkyl benzenesulfonate surfactants; cationic surfactants, preferably selected from quaternary ammonium surfactants; nonionic surfactants, preferably alkyl ethoxylates, alkyl polyglucosides, and/or amine (e.g., amidopropylamines) or amine oxide surfactants; amphoteric surfactants, preferably selected from betaines and/or polycarboxylates (for example polyglycinates); and zwiterionic surfactants.
Preferred liquid cleaning composition adjunct ingredients include builders, preferably water soluble builders, for example citrate/fatty acid builder systems, and detersive enzymes.
The present invention is also directed to hair shampoo compositions comprising:
a) as part of the surfactant system, from about 0.1% to about 40% by weight of a alkoxylated dianionic or alkoxylated dianionic cleaning agent comprising a structural skeleton of
Bettiol Jean-Luc Philippe
Foley Peter Robert
Gardlik John Michael
Heinzman Stephen Wayne
Ingram Barry Thomas
Ogden Necholus
Rasser Jacobus C.
Robinson Ian S..
The Procter & Gamble & Company
Zerby Kim W.
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