Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
Reexamination Certificate
1996-10-09
2003-08-05
Webb, Gregory E. (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
C510S226000, C510S223000, C510S230000, C510S231000, C510S232000, C510S233000, C510S372000, C510S374000, C510S375000, C510S376000, C510S392000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06602837
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention is in the field of liquid detergents. More specifically, the invention relates to alkaline liquid automatic dishwashing detergents which provide enhanced cleaning, e.g. improved stain removal on plastics. The automatic dishwashing compositions comprise a diacyl peroxide which remains insoluble in a alkaline liquid automatic dishwashing detergent formulation by suspending the diacyl peroxide in a solvent having a solubility parameter value outside about ±4 of the diacyl peroxide's solubility parameter.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Automatic dishwashing detergents (hereinafter ADDs) used for washing tableware (i.e. glassware, china, silverware, pots and pans, plastic, etc.) in the home or institutionally in machines especially designed for the purpose have long been known. Dishwashing in the seventies is reviewed by Mizuno in Vol. 5, Part III of the Surfactant Science-Series, Ed. W. G. Cutler and R. C. Davis, Marcel Dekker, N.Y., 1973, incorporated by reference. The particular requirements of cleansing tableware and leaving it in a sanitary, essentially spotless, residue-free state has indeed resulted in so many particular ADD compositions that the body of art pertaining thereto is now recognized as quite distinct from other cleansing product art.
In light of legislation and current environmental trends, modern ADD products desirably contain low levels or are substantially free of inorganic phosphate builder salts and/or are concentrated formulations (i.e. ½ cup vs. full cup usage). Unfortunately, phosphate or nonphosphated ADD products in technical terms may sacrifice efficacy, especially owing to the deletion of phosphate and, in some instances, chlorine mainstay cleansing ingredients. Concentrated or compact compositions similarly exhibit formulation problems.
Users of ADDs have come to expect tableware will be rendered essentially spotless and film-free in addition to cleaning. In practice, this means avoiding film-forming components. The formulator therefore employed ingredients which were sufficiently soluble that residues or build-up did not occur. Again, while some ingredients may be adequate on grounds of cleaning, spotting and filming, solubility considerations may diminish their usefulness. Solubility considerations are even more acute with the newer “low usage”, “concentrated”, ADD compositions whose overall solubility can be less than that of conventional (“full cup”) products.
It has generally been believed by the formulator of ADDs that inexpensive cleaning can be achieved via high alkalinity and/or high silicate levels (for example as provided by formulations comprising high percentages by weight of sodium hydroxide or metasilicate). Severe penalties can result in these compositions in terms of product corrosiveness to dishwashers and tableware, especially china and glassware and incompatibility with other detergent ingredients. It is therefore highly desirable, at least in some phosphate-free compact ADDs, to achieve good cleaning end-results without resorting to the use of high alkalinity/high silicate. This is especially true for liquid formulations in that the alkaline conditions of the product can result in some of the ingredients losing activity over time, i.e. enzymes.
Chlorine and peroxygen bleaches are effective for stain and/or soil removal. While chlorine bleach is a very effective cleaning agent, it is not compatible with a variety of detergent ingredients and may require additional processing in order to be incorporated into a final product. Peroxygen bleaches on the other hand are more compatible with convention detergent ingredients but such bleaches are temperature and/or pH dependent. Also, formulation of liquid compositions require different approaches than granular product formulation. For instance, stability of bleaching agents and other individual ingredients over time in liquid products is much more difficult to achieve than in granular formulations. This is particularly true for diacyl peroxides in alkaline conditions. As a consequence, there has been a substantial amount of research to develop bleaching systems effective in various wash liquid formulations.
Another known bleaching source are diacyl peroxides (DAPs). Although DAPs have been disclosed for use in the laundry and anti-acne area, they have not been employed in the alkaline liquid or ADD area. In the laundry field certain diacyl peroxides have been disclosed as beneficial in cleaning tea stains from fibrous material. It has now been discovered that DAPs can improve stain removal performance of ADDs on plastics.
It is been further suprisingly discovered that DAPs can be provided in a alkaline liquid product by using certain combinations of solvents and chelants wherein the DAP remains insoluble.
It has yet been farther discovered that for stability and performance benefits the DAPs must remain insoluble in the ADD product.
The novel ADDs have the property of removing stains, especially tea, fruit juice and caretenoid stains objected to by the consumer from plastic dishware. The compositions have other cleaning and spotlessness advantages such as enhanced glass care (i.e. reduction of cloudiness and iridescence negatives). ADD embodiments including phosphate free compositions and enzyme-containing compositions are provided for powerful cleaning of wide-ranging soils while retaining the advantages of a generally mild and noncorrosive product matrix.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention encompasses liquid alkaline detergent compositions especially thixotropic gel automatic dishwashing detergent compositions, comprising by weight:
(a) from about 0.01% to about 10%, preferably 0.1 to about 8%, more preferably from about 0.3% to about 5%, most preferably from about 0.8% to about 3% of diacyl peroxide having the general formula:
RC(O)OO(O)CR1
wherein R and R1 can be the same or different, preferably no more than one is a hydrocarbyl chain of longer than ten carbon atoms, more preferably at least one has an aromatic nucleus; and
(b) from about 20% to about 90% solvent having a solubility parameter value outside about ±4 of the diacyl peroxide's solubility parameter; and
(c) from about 0.01% to about 10% chelant, preferably said chelant is selected from the group consisting of polyacetate and polycarboxylate builders such as the sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, ethylenediamine disuccinic acid (especially the S,S-form); nitrilotriacetic acid, tartrate monosuccinic acid, tartrate disuccinic acid, oxydisuccinic acid, carboxymethyloxysuccinic acid, mellitic acid, sodium benzene polycarboxylate salts; nitrilotris(methylenephosphonic acid) diethylenetrinitrilopentakis(methylenephosphonic acid), 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, ethylene-N,N′-bis(o-hydroxyphenylgycine), dipliolinic acid and mixtures thereof;
wherein said composition has a neat pH from about 7 to about 13.
While diacyl peroxide, solvent and chelant are the essential ingredients to the present invention, there are also provided embodiments wherein additional components, especially, enzymes, detergency builder and/or nonionic surfactant are desirably present. A particularly preferred embodiment comprises dibenzoyl peroxide.
The present invention also encompasses a method for cleaning soiled tableware comprising contacting said tableware with an aqueous medium having a pH in the range from about 8 to about 13, more preferably from about 9 to about 11.5, and comprising at least from about 0.01% to about 10% of a diacyl peroxide selected from the group consisting of dibenzoyl peroxide, benzoyl gluaryl peroxide, benzoyl succinyl peroxide, di-(2-methybenzoyl)peroxide, diphhthaloyl peroxide and mixtures thereof; and from about 20% to about 90% solvent selected from the group consisting of glycerol, dimethysiloxanes, sorbitol, water and mixtures thereof.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A liquid, alkaline detergent composition comprising by weight:
a) from about 0.01%
Elhilo Eisa
The Procter & Gamble & Company
Waugh Kevin L.
Webb Gregory E.
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