Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Phosphorus containing other than solely as part of an...
Reexamination Certificate
2000-03-23
2001-09-11
Tate, Christopher R. (Department: 1651)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Phosphorus containing other than solely as part of an...
C514S120000, C514S810000, C514S811000, C514S812000, C514S885000, C424S725000, C424S757000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06288047
ABSTRACT:
FIELD AND BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention concerns a composition and method for activation of the immune system. The composition of the present invention is particularly useful for activation of the immune system in a stress situation where the activity of the immune system decreases. A particular example of a stress-induced decrease in activity of the immune system is in the case of smoking cessation.
There are many clinical conditions where the activity of the immune system decreases, thus rendering the individual more susceptible to opportunistic infections. It is also known that stress, such as that resulting from injuries, from rehabilitation, from addiction to a drug, alcohol or smoking, may result in decrease in the immune system's activity, in a matter of minutes. For example, strong infections occurring in the aftermath of a severe injury have been documented.
It is the object of the present invention to provide a composition for enhancing activity of the immune system to render it more active, useful particularly in stressed individuals.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the invention it was surprisingly found that a natural lipid preparation enriched with phosphatidic acid (PA) is capable of activating the immune system. This activity of the PA-enriched lipid preparation which was found to be associated with decrease in activity of the immune system was tested in individuals undergoing a smoking cessation treatment.
In the following, use will be made with several terms, these terms and their meanings in the context of the invention, are as follows:
PA-enriched lipid preparation (PA-E-LP)—a lipid preparation comprising at least 10% (w/w) of PA, preferably within the range of about 20%-75% of PA, out of the total lipid content of the composition. (The concentration indication of “%” given above and below means to denote the number of weight units of an ingredient per 100 weight units of the entire composition (w/w)).
Natural PA-E-LP—a PA-E-EP derived from a natural lipid preparation, e.g. a phospholipid preparation derived from plants, from animal tissue, or any combination thereof. Such a natural phospholipid preparation may typically be derived from soybean, from egg yolk or from animal sera. The natural PA-E-EP is prepared from a natural phospholipid preparation, typically by an enzymatic process. In a natural PA-E-EP, the remainder of the lipids consist primarily of phospholipids although small quantities, e.g. 0.1-10%, of other lipophilic substances, such as cholesterol, fatty acids, etc., may also be included in the preparation.
Stressed individuals—individuals exposed to a situation or a condition such as anxiety, physical injuries, cessation of use of drugs, use of alcohol, smoking, etc. giving rise to stress.
The present invention provides, by one of its aspects a pharmaceutical composition for activating the immune system, comprising a lipid preparation derived from a natural source enriched to comprise at least about 10% PA. preferably at least about 20% PA and most desirably above 50% PA. Typically the concentration of PA, out of the total lipid ingredient, would not exceed 75%.
The composition of the invention is particularly useful in activating the immune system in stress-related conditions involving reduction of the immune system's activity. Examples of such stress conditions are a variety of injuries, cessation of use of drugs, alcohol, smoking, etc.
The present invention further provides a method for activation of the immune system in an individual in need, comprising administering to the individual an effective amount of PA-E-LP, particularly natural PA-E-LP.
The invention still further provides use of said PA-E-LP, and particularly of natural PA-E-LP, for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for activation of the immune system.
The term “effective amount” should be understood as an amount of an ingredient sufficient to yield a desired therapeutic effect. For example, administration of an effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition of the invention to an individual results in an increase in the activation level of the immune system. The level of activation may, for example, be measured by the blood plasma level of gamma-interferon (&ggr;-IFN) which may thus serve as a gauge to determine the effective amount. The term “activation of the immune system” or similar term should be understood as referring to increase in level of activity of immune cells in countering pathogens or pathological processes, increase in level of secretion or production of various cytokines thereby which boost such activities of the immune cells, etc.
The pharmaceutical composition of the invention may typically be orally administered although it may also be formulated for topical or parenteral administration. For oral administration the composition may comprise various flavoring agents, edible colors, etc. Furthermore, the composition for oral use may also6be encapsulated, e.g. in an enterocoated gelatine capsule. The composition may comprise a variety of pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents or excipients, which may be chosen based on the intended mode of administration of the composition.
For parenteral administration the composition will typically be injected intravenously (I.V.). Such a parenteral composition may for example comprise soybean multi-triglycerides, egg phospholipids, PA prepared in accordance with the invention, glycerol and distilled water.
A topical composition may be in the form of a gel or a salve and may thus comprise various additives known per se to allow the compositions to obtain such a physical form (e.g. a gelating agent).
The natural PA-E-LP is preferably obtained from a natural phospholipid preparation by enzymatic treatment using a synthetic or natural source comprising the enzyme phospholipase-D. The natural phospholipid preparation may be of vegetable origin, may be of animal origin, or a combination thereof. Typical examples of natural phospholipid preparations useful for the preparation of natural PA-E-LP of the invention are, soya lecithin, egg yolk and phospholipids from animal serum. Examples of phospholipase-D sources, are peanuts, typically ground peanuts or a phospholipase-D fraction derived therefrom. Phospholipase-D or a phospholipase-D source is added in an amount and for a time sufficient to hydrolyze at least about 10% or preferably about 25% and most preferably about 50% of the phospholipids to yield PA-E-LP.
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Shenfeld Avner
Shinitzky Meir
Meyer Jerald L.
Modus Biological Membranes Ltd.
Nath Gary M.
Nath & Associates PLLC
Tate Christopher R.
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