Bearings – Linear bearing – Recirculating
Patent
1994-11-30
1996-09-10
Footland, Lenard A.
Bearings
Linear bearing
Recirculating
384 10, 384 99, F16C 2906
Patent
active
055539459
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a linear guiding apparatus for guiding an object, comprising a rail system and a first partial group of object-guiding rail runner elements--hereinafter referred to as guiding rail runner elements--primarily responsible for the guiding precision of the object, which first partial group comprises at least one group member, said guiding rail runner elements being guided in a moving direction along associated roller paths of the rail system by rolling member loops mounted on the guiding rail runner elements, a second partial group of damping elements guided along the rail system, connected with the object and being primarily responsible for the damping of vibrations directed transversely to the moving direction being additionally provided between the object and the rail system, which second partial group comprises at least one group member, said damping elements differing from the guiding rail runner elements with respect to the internal structure and/or with respect to the mounting relationship between the object and the rail system.
The object to be guided may have any shape and may serve for any purpose. The object to be guided may especially be the table of a machine tool, which table may be adapted for the fastening of tools or workpieces. Further, the object to be guided may be the table of a measuring device, e.g. of a machine tool, which table carries a measuring head.
The rail system may comprise one or a plurality of rails which are mounted on a common base or on a common pedestal. There is far-reaching liberty concerning the design of the rails. Besides circular rails, especially and preferably profile rails are used.
If hereinafter the term rolling member is used, there are principally involved balls, cylindrical needles and rollers whose surface, when viewed from radially outwardly, exhibit convex or concave generatrices. The rail runner elements must of course be adapted to the respective profile configuration of the rail or rails, respectively. An especially preferred combination of a rail and a rail runner element is seen in a profile rail having a bottom face for attachment to a pedestal, a top face and two side faces; rolling member roller paths may be provided on the side faces and on the top face. Accordingly, the rail runner element will then have U-shape with a web adjacent the rail top face and with legs, one each being provided opposite of a side face of the respective rail.
In many cases, transverse loads and moments between the object and the rail system must be transmitted in transverse planes vertical to the moving direction. The arrangement of the roller paths along the rail or rails, respectively, and the arrangement of the transverse load transmitting or moment transmitting rolling member rows, respectively, of the individual rolling member loops is then selected such that the rolling member loops can stand the transverse load and moments to be expected while maintaining the necessary precision. Frequently, the roller paths and the arrangement of the rolling member loops in the rail runner elements will be selected such that in a transverse plane orthogonal with respect to the moving direction transverse loads can be transmitted in any direction and thus also any moments about the moving direction. If the rail system is formed by a plurality of rails, it is also possible that only on one rail transverse loads can be transmitted in all directions within a transverse plane, whereas on another rail transverse loads can only be transmitted in one direction, so that the arrangement is generally relatively unsensitive to deviations in parallelism of the rails.
With all these guiding systems, there is frequently demanded an utmostly precise positioning of the object with respect to the rail system in view of the necessary precision of treating and/or measuring operations. This means that the guidance of the object with respect to the rail system in a plane orthogonal to the moving direction must be definite and rigid.
It has been found that even in case
REFERENCES:
patent: 5013164 (1991-05-01), Tsukada
patent: 5161896 (1992-11-01), H ofling et al.
patent: 5273367 (1993-12-01), Tanaka
Schwingungen dampfen--aber richtig!, Nov. 1989.
Hansj urgen Saechtling, "Kunststoff-Taschenbuch" (21st Edition), 1979.
Brochure "Schwingungen daempfen", INA-Sonderdruck, Nov. 1989.
Albert Ernst
Blaurock G unter
Blaurock Werner
Schlereth Rudolf
Wehrhahn Ulrich
Deutsche Star GmbH
Footland Lenard A.
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