Compositions: ceramic – Ceramic compositions – Refractory
Patent
1989-01-17
1990-05-01
Bell, Mark L.
Compositions: ceramic
Ceramic compositions
Refractory
501127, 501133, 501144, 166280, C04B 3510
Patent
active
049218204
ABSTRACT:
A lightweight oil and gas well proppant made by simultaneously mixing and compacting a mixture of kaolin clay which has been calcined at a temperature low enough to prevent the formation of mullite and crystobalites to an LOI of 12 or less when tested at 1400.degree. C., and amorphous to microcrystalline silica both of which have been milled to an average agglomerated particle size of 7 microns or less to form green pellets, and then drying, screening, and sintering the pellets to form proppant pellets having a specific gravity of 2.7 or less, the proppant having a conductivity of at least 3,000 millidarci-feet as measured by the Stim-Lab Technique after 50 hours at 8,000 psi and 275.degree. F. in the presence of deoxygenated aqueous 2% solution of KCl using sandstone shims.
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patent: 4440866 (1984-03-01), Lunghofer et al.
patent: 4623630 (1986-11-01), Fitzgibbon
patent: 4632876 (1986-12-01), Laird et al.
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patent: 4658899 (1987-04-01), Fitzgibbon
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patent: 4680230 (1987-07-01), Gibb et al.
patent: 4713203 (1987-12-01), Andrews
Lemieux Paul R.
Rumpf David S.
Bell Mark L.
Group Karl
Norton-Alcoa Proppants
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