Light duty oil burner

Details Light duty oil burner Light duty oil burner

1984-11-15

1987-03-24

Peters, Jr., Joseph F.

Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing

With selective proportioning or correlated flow for plural...

239 75, 239133, 239135, 431188, 431208, B05B 700, B05B 124, F23M 900, F23D 1144

Patent

active

046519289

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a light duty oil burner and more specially to push an oil burner designed for an hourly flow rate of less than 5 kg of oil, comprising a nozzle head associated with a heat exchanger, said nozzle head having at least one injection nozzle mounted on a centrally positioned nozzle holder able to be fixed on a nozzle mount and an outer combustion tube placed around the support system of the injection nozzle with the formation of a combustion air duct connected with an air supply.
High pressure oil burners, that are equipped with a so-called spin or simplex nozzle operate with the oil pressure fixed at a constant value and with a constant nozzle cross section, the oil flow rate being more or less unchanged. The volumetric air flow necessary for optimum combustion is determined in keeping with the maximum desired oil flow rate and fixed permanently. Operation under partial load conditions is in this respect controlled by changing the proportion of the time the burner is turned on. The turning on and off of the burner normally takes place using a thermostatically controlled two step automatic controller on the heat exchanger or some other load. Since the operational characteristic of the burner is controlling for the efficiency of the plant as a heat producer, it is not possible to reach the same efficiency when working under partial load conditions as is possible under full load conditions. In this connection it is assumed that in the non-operational periods, the make-ready losses in respect of the heat exchanger decrease the percentage of annual use of the plant. Further limitations in the use of heat reduce the times in which the burner is turned on even further and for this reason also increase the cooling down losses. It is further to be assumed that for every starting and switching off operation of the burner, there will be an increased formation of soot and an increased emission of substances having an undesired effect on the environment. On igniting the fuel-air mixture there is a sudden expansion of the heating gases because of the high rate of heating up, and there is a powerful pulse or surge produced on starting so that there are then surges in pressure in the combustion chamber, that lead to instable conditions in combustion and may considerably increase the amount of noxious substances evolved.
Furthermore high pressure oil burners are in use, in which the oil supply rate and the air supply rate are controlled so as to be dependent on the load. However, in this respect it is a question of comparatively large burners with comparatively large hourly oil consumption rates, in the case of which the overall size of the controller is hardly crucial. One known system of this sort has a return nozzle connected with an oil supply and an oil return. In the oil return there is an automatic pressure valve controlling the combustion rate of the injection nozzle by changing the return pressure. The plunger of the automatic pressure control valve is operated by a rocking lever, that follows a cam moved by a servo motor operated in accordance with the load. Furthermore there is a comb-like oblique slide mounted on the motor shaft having the cam, such slide cooperating with a fork connected with an air flap shaft. The controller is placed clear of the nozzle head in order to take into account the amount of available space. In this respect one undesired effect is the complexity and expense of a system having a return nozzle, this being necessary both for the design of the oil circuit having an oil supply and an oil return and furthermore for means to keep the oil supply and the oil return parts of the circuit separate form each other. One serious shortcoming in this known system is also to be seen in the overall size of the controller, that clearly is not able to be placed internally, i.e. within the nozzle head, and must be situated externally. Such an arrangement demands however not only a modification of the conventional design of a burner without any load-dependent control of the oil and a

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