Surgery – Instruments – Surgical mesh – connector – clip – clamp or band
Patent
1991-07-10
1993-05-11
Pellegrino, Stephen C.
Surgery
Instruments
Surgical mesh, connector, clip, clamp or band
606219, 606220, 606 75, 606 53, 623 13, A61B 1700
Patent
active
052097560
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a fixing device for securing a ligament to a bone by use of a bone staple. Bone staples are employed for attachment of artificial ligaments to bones during implantation to secure the ligament while tissue ingrowth occurs.
This invention also relates to a tool for use in implantation of a fixation device which includes a bone staple, and to a ligament adapted for use with the staple.
Conventional bone staples used for fixing ligaments to bones are generally U shaped, the ligament being trapped between the head of the staple and the bone when the staple is driven home. Unfortunately, simple staples become loose quickly, and the ligament slips thus becoming ineffective.
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a fixation device for securing a ligament to a bone and which comprises a bone staple having a head portion by means of which the staple can be driven into the bone, and a pair of legs extending from the head and having ends engageable into the bone, characterised by a stirrup for guiding the driving movement of the staple and arranged also to co-operate with the staple in order to enable the ligament to engage with the staple and the stirrup and to be securable to the bone upon completion of driving of the staple into the bone, said stirrup having guides to receive the legs of the staple and to guide the driving movement of the legs, and also defining an aperture through which the ligament can be taken prior to securement of the ligament to the bone.
During the implantation of the staple, a ligament is threaded through the aperture around the stirrup and the stirrup is located upon the staple legs with the ligament under the desired degree of tension. The staple is then driven into the bone to anchor the ligament.
The invention is particularly suitable for use in securing a prosthetic ligament to a bone. However, it should be understood that the fixing device of the invention may be used to secure ligaments of, or derived from natural material of a patient, or a donor, and including natural ligamentous tissue, autogenous tissue and allograft tissue. Therefore, for the purposes of this specification, all such materials i.e. natural or prosthetic, are intended to be included by the term "ligament".
In a first preferred embodiment of the invention, cross members extend between the side portions at locations between the aperture and guide positions through which the staple legs are received. The staple legs are prevented by the cross members from contacting and possibly damaging the ligament. In addition insertion of the legs through the stirrup is not impeded by the ligament. Less material is necessary for the staple to have a desired mechanical strength than if the cross members were outside the staple legs.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the cross members are disposed outwardly of the positions through which the staple legs are received. The ligament and staple legs may either by received in respective apertures in the stirrup, or may be received in a common elongate aperture.
The stirrup is preferably symmetrical in that the top and bottom surfaces are identical, avoiding the possibility that the stirrup may be installed upside down. In addition the stirrup may be inverted after the ligament has been threaded through it, wrapping the ligament around the stirrup to afford more secure attachment after implantation.
The stirrup may incorporate chamfered or otherwise profiled edges to minimise wear of the ligament. Spikes may be provided to the underside of the stirrup to secure the latter to ligament or adjacent bone.
The side portions of the stirrup adjacent the ligament receiving aperture may be provided with raised portions or slots to define a guideway for the ligament, straining the latter against lateral movement.
Use of the bone staple in accordance with this invention confers a number of advantages. Implantation is simple and does not require specialist tools. Only a single staple is required at each end of the ligament and the re
REFERENCES:
patent: 3973277 (1976-08-01), Semple et al.
patent: 4278091 (1981-07-01), Borzone
patent: 4728329 (1988-03-01), Mansat
Collins Simon
Seedhom Bahaa B.
Swann Anthony C.
Pellegrino Stephen C.
Schmidt Jeffrey A.
Seedhom Bahaa Botros
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