Communications: radio wave antennas – Antennas – With spaced or external radio wave refractor
Patent
1981-06-01
1984-05-08
Lieberman, Eli
Communications: radio wave antennas
Antennas
With spaced or external radio wave refractor
343909, H01Q 1906
Patent
active
044478151
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The subject of the present invention is an electronic scanning device permitting a beam emitted by a microwave source to be focused and/or deflected in a plane.
It is known, as described in French Pat. No. 2,063,967, to modify the phase shift of a beam emitted by a microwave source by interposing a dielectric panel along the trajectory of said wave, said panel having a network of conducting wires embedded therein, said wires being connected or disconnected at will by means of switches and specifically by diodes connected to these wires, said networks being located in planes parallel to the electrical field of the incident radiation at every point in the panel. It is likewise known to link a plurality of panels in sequence along the trajectory of the incident microwave radiation. Finally, it is known to focus and deflect the incident microwave radiation in a plane, by using such panels and by adjusting the control voltages on the diodes: an active lens is disposed in the plane perpendicular to the diode-equipped wires embedded in the panels, thus producing electronic scanning in a plane perpendicular to the electrical field of the incident radiation.
The restriction of scanning to a single plane perpendicular to the electrical field of the radiation poses several disadvantages. The electronic scanning device according to the invention, on the other hand, permits scanning in a plane parallel to the electrical field of the incident radiation. It consists in a novel application of the dielectric panels described in French Pat. No. 2,063,967.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention can be described in more detail with the help of the drawings wherein
FIG. 1 shows exemplary panels of the type used in the device of the invention;
FIG. 2 shows exemplary linked panels of the type used in the invention;
FIG. 3 shows a portion of an electronic scanning device of the invention using panels of the type shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;
FIG. 3A shows a schematic diagram of the phase shifts produced by a portion of the successive panel assemblies of the device of FIG. 3;
FIG. 4 shows a more detailed embodiment of a panel of one type used in the device of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 shows a more detailed embodiment of a panel of another type used in the device of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 depicts phase shift values produced by an assembly of three panels of the type shown in FIG. 4 and one panel of the type shown in FIG. 5; and
FIG. 7 shows a graph depicting radiation produced by an overall device described with reference to FIGS. 3, 4 and 5.
To construct the electronic scanning device in accordance with the subject of the invention, a plurality of dielectric panels (1a, 1b, 1c, . . . ) are assembled as shown in FIG. 1 wherein flat networks of conducting wires (2) are embedded, said wires being connectable or disconnectable at will by means of diodes (3) connected to said wires, in such fashion that the wires in all the networks are parallel to the electrical field vector (4) of the incident radiation emitted by a microwave source (6), so that all of the diodes in each panel are controlled simultaneously and identically by a voltage sufficient to make them conducting or nonconducting, as desired, said voltage being applied to the leads of control wires (5) perpendicular to the electrical field, but with no effect thereon, and so that all the panels (1a, 1b, 1c, . . . ) are superimposed in a single plane to form an assembly through which the incident wave propagates. Of course it is possible to link a plurality of panels (1a.sub.1, 1a.sub.2, 1a.sub.3 . . . ; 1b.sub.1 . . . ) in sequence along the trajectory of the incident microwave radiation: in this case, the linked superimposed panels (1a.sub.2, 1b.sub.2, 1c.sub.2) are in the same plane as shown in FIG. 2. All of the linked panels have the same dimensions in the direction of the wires with the diodes. All the superimposed panels have the same structure (a.sub.1, b.sub.1, c.sub.1). The linked panels can have different structures (a.sub.1, a.sub.2, a.sub.3).
Since all of the diodes in a panel are co
REFERENCES:
patent: 3276023 (1966-09-01), Dorne et al.
patent: 3392393 (1968-07-01), Spitz
patent: 3708796 (1973-01-01), Gilbert
patent: 4212014 (1980-07-01), Chekroun
patent: 4297708 (1981-10-01), Vidal
patent: 4320404 (1982-03-01), Chekroun
Chekroun Claude D.
Michel Yves C.
Lieberman Eli
O'Connell Robert F.
Societe d'Etude du Radant
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