Chemistry: electrical current producing apparatus – product – and – Sealed cell having gas prevention or elimation means – Prevention or elimination means is one of the cell...
Patent
1981-08-21
1983-08-23
Skapars, Anthony
Chemistry: electrical current producing apparatus, product, and
Sealed cell having gas prevention or elimation means
Prevention or elimination means is one of the cell...
429199, 429225, 429198, H01M 1006
Patent
active
044004494
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This invention relates to the invention described in copending U.S. application Ser. No. 190,884, filed Mar. 12, 1980, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,331,744.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a lead salt electric storage battery with electrodes of first order, i.e., a battery in which the active materials are deposited as coatings on the electrodes during charging and are again dissolved in the electrolyte during discharging. Such batteries are known per se.
2. The Prior Art
Electric batteries with electrodes of first order and electrolytes other than lead salts are also known in a great many varieties, and many of these have satisfactory properties for various uses. However, the invention is directed specifically to the problems of lead salt batteries, which have the potential advantage of providing a relatively inexpensive medium for the reversible storage of electric enregy for general purposes.
Lead salt electric storage batteries of the type considered are known from the Western German published applications Nos. 2,451,017 and 2,532,512. These batteries contain as electrolyte aqueous solutions of lead salts of perchloric acid, tetrafluoro boric acid, hexafluoro silicic acid and/or amido sulfonic acid. From the electrolyte lead dioxide and metallic lead are deposited during charging on the anode and the cathode respectively in the form of coatings, from which they are again dissolved during discharging. By the anode is to be understood, throughout this specification, the electrode which forms the positive pole during discharge. In the known batteries considered the anode consists of a porous, graphite-filled artificial resin having a pore volume of 20-70% and containing 50-80% graphite by weight.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is the object of the invention to construct a lead salt electric battery with electrodes of first order and with an anode body comprising graphite in such a manner as to completely avoid the development of gas, even transitionally, within the cell or each cell of the battery, while at the same time obtaining compactness of structure, a high mechanical, electrical and chemical stability and a high amp-hours capacity in relation to volume and weight.
According to the invention, a lead salt battery of the type described is characterized by the combination of the following features: electrically conductive cell closure consisting of moulded artificial resin with moulded-in, uniformly distributed short graphite fibers, established either by gluing with an artificial resin glue with mixed-in short graphite fibers, or by embedding fibers at the surface of the active anode body in the artificial resin of the cell closure by temporary softening of the surface of the artificial resin by heat or by the application of a volatile solvent, without the addition of lead methane sulfonate (Pb(CH.sub.3 SO.sub.3).sub.2) dissolved in water, resin materials with moulded-in short graphite fibers are such as are capable of withstanding the gas development test defined in the description.
By textile structure is to be understood, throughout this specification, not only a woven or otherwise worked-up textile structure, but also a non-woven textile structure.
The gas development test mentioned sub (e) is carried out as follows:
GAS DEVELOPMENT TEST
A sample of the textile material of the anode body and a strip of lead are immersed in an acid (e.g. pH=0.2) aqueous solution of lead silicofluoride and are connected to a source of electric current, the sample to the positive, and the strip of lead to the negative terminal. Hereby the textile material is coated with lead dioxide. The process is terminated upon deposition of a thin layer so that the open textile structure is still clearly visible.
The sample is now inserted into a test tube from polystyrene filled with the same liquid as above, and the test tube is closed by a polyethylene stopper in such a manner that no air is admitted to the test tube. This is now stored in inv
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Fischer Peter Axel
Henk Peter O.
Skapars Anthony
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