Prosthesis (i.e. – artificial body members) – parts thereof – or ai – Implantable prosthesis – Bone
Patent
1996-07-16
2000-03-07
Isabella, David J.
Prosthesis (i.e., artificial body members), parts thereof, or ai
Implantable prosthesis
Bone
A61F 240
Patent
active
060334398
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to improvements in joint prostheses. It is disclosed in the context of a shoulder prosthesis but is believed to have utility in other applications as well.
There are several prostheses that employ, as part of their systems for joining prosthesis components, tapered locking joints such as Morse tapered joints and the like. There are also the systems illustrated and described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,080,685; 5,181,928; 5,314,479; 4,932,974; and 4,624,674; European Patent Specification 0,547,369 B1; Buechel-Pappas.TM. Total Shoulder System Implants and Instruments; and, Buechel-Pappas.TM. Total Shoulder System Surgical Procedure by Frederick F. Buechel M.D. No representation is intended that a thorough search of all material prior art has been conducted or that no more material prior art exists. Nor should any such representation be inferred. The disclosures of the '685, '928 and '479 patents are incorporated herein by reference.
A significant concern in the design of joint prostheses is weight. Particularly the bearing surfaces of such prostheses must be made of durable materials, with such alloys as cobalt chrome being preferred by many physicians. Titanium, while it is lighter, is not as durable as cobalt chrome. So, titanium is not an acceptable substitute for many prosthetic joint bearing surfaces. The generally competing desires for light weight and durability have led to several multiple component prostheses. In such prostheses, components that do not provide bearing surfaces are fabricated from somewhat less durable but typically more lightweight materials such as, for example, titanium. Components that provide bearing surfaces are fabricated from somewhat more durable but typically heavier weight materials such as, for example, cobalt chrome. A problem with many such prostheses is that they are designed without optimal regard for the durability-weight tradeoffs. Consequently, many bearing components are designed for greater strength than is necessary under the circumstances. An example would be a shoulder prosthesis, the head member of which is constructed from cobalt chrome and the body/shank element of which is made from titanium alloy. Although the head is constructed from extremely durable cobalt chrome, it is a thick-walled component, making it heavier than necessary to perform its bearing function. The head's thick-walled design is related in part to the manner in which it is joined to the body/shank element of the shoulder prosthesis. Usually this involves multiple butt joint and/or tapered surfaces and threaded fasteners, all of which add to the weight of the prosthesis.
Another significant consideration in the design of such joint prostheses is range of motion. Designs strive to achieve the natural range of motion of a healthy joint. How the head member and body/shank element are joined in the shoulder prosthesis example described above, clearly affects the range of motion available in said prosthesis. In a few of the shoulder joint prostheses identified above, for example, some potential bearing surface on the humeral component's head is lost. Such loss is due to the technique used to connect the head to the body/shank element of said humeral component.
Yet another significant consideration in the design of such joint prostheses is the positioning of the head on the body/shank portion to achieve a natural shoulder joint alignment. This alignment varies from patient to patient. Therefore, some designs have securing pins that fix an eccentric alignment of the head upon a spacer. See for example U.S. Pat. No. 5,358,526. These pins can add to the weight of the head. What is needed is a modular shoulder prosthesis that has a lighter weight head member whose alignment on the shank element can be adjusted easily by the caregiver to provide a custom-fit orientation for each patient and that itself cooperates with the body/shank to lock into a secure and fixed position.
It is an object of the invention to provide a lighter weight configurat
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Camino Thomas S.
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Urbahns David J.
DePuy Orthopaedics, Inc.
Isabella David J.
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