Boring or penetrating the earth – Processes – Boring with specific fluid
Patent
1988-10-31
1990-04-03
Neuder, William P.
Boring or penetrating the earth
Processes
Boring with specific fluid
175329, 175393, E21B 1000
Patent
active
049132440
ABSTRACT:
An improved rotating drag bit for cutting plastic, sticky, water reactive and shale formations is devised by providing a plurality of large diamond cutters having a circular cutting face in excess of three quarter inch in diameter. Each large cutter is provided with at least one hydraulic nozzle which in turn provides a directed hydraulic flow at the corresponding cutter face. The directed hydraulic flow is positioned to apply a force to the chip which tends to peel the chip away from the cutter face. In addition, the hydraulic flow is positioned with respect to the chip so as to apply on off-center torque to the chip which is used to peel the chip away from the cutter face and toward the gage of the bit. In particular, the nozzle defines a jet which is characterized by a direction and velocity of hydraulic fluid determined by the jet characteristics. The core is generally symmetric about its longitudinal axis and has a length along the longitudinal axis and width perpendicular thereto. The point of the jet most distant from the nozzle defines an impact point of the jet against the chip and cutter face. The longitudinal axis of the jet is chosen so that at least a portion of the jet lies between the cutter face and the chip as it is being peeled from the cutter. Hydraulic removal of the chips is further facilitated by a plurality of junk slots having a contoured compound surface. The junk slot is characterized by having at least two distinct cross-sectional profiles, namely an asymmetric profile at its lower portion nearest the bit face and a symmetric profile along its upper portion. The asymmetric and symmetric profiles are connected by a surface providing a smooth hydrodynamic transition.
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Koskie, E. T., Jr., "Common-Sense Measures Improve PDC Bit Performance", (Sep. 1982) World Oil.
Eastman Christensen Company
Neuder William P.
Walkowski Joseph A.
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