Fluid sprinkling – spraying – and diffusing – Rigid fluid confining distributor
Reexamination Certificate
2001-03-21
2002-10-29
Evans, Robin O. (Department: 3752)
Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
Rigid fluid confining distributor
C239S523000, C239S524000, C239S016000, C239S017000, C239S590000, C239S590300
Reexamination Certificate
active
06471146
ABSTRACT:
I. FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention discloses a new diffuser for reducing turbulence within laminar nozzles.
II. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
U.S. Pat. No. 5,160,086 granted Nov. 3, 1992 is directed to alighted laminar flow nozzle for use in decorative water fountains and industrial applications. It includes fluid flow through a double-walled bladder-like fluid supply hose
32
into a fluid chamber
10
and through a diffuser material
20
, past trapped air pockets
18
and exiting through a knife edged orifice
12
. The fluid nozzle is mounted upon one or more stages of vibration dampening springs
30
, and the outlet orifice
12
is located off center from the walls
11
of the fluid chamber so that pump surges and vibrations are greatly dampened and the output fluid stream
14
is sufficiently laminar that light is conducted through the length of the output fluid stream
14
similar to a fiber optic cable.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,641,120 granted Jun. 24, 1997 is an improvement on the first described patent 5,160,086. This patent 5,641,120 includes an improved method and apparatus for obtaining a laminar stream of fluid flow including providing a generally cylindrical outer wall
13
a
, a generally cylindrical inner wall
14
defining a generally cylindrical outer chamber
13
; introducing fluid into the outer chamber
13
tangentially at
12
, directing fluid flow within the outer chamber circumferentially through chamber
13
; providing an inner chamber
36
defined by the generally cylindrical inner wall located within or below the outer chamber
13
. An opening
33
is formed in the lower portion of the inner cylindrical wall
14
, which causes fluid to flow downwardly through the opening
33
from the outer chamber
13
into the inner chamber
36
. Located within the inner chamber is a diffuser material having a plurality of parallel fluid flow paths. Fluid is caused to flow through the diffuser material to dampen major currents of fluid velocity. The diffuser material to dampen major currents of fluid velocity. The diffuser material has an arcuate upper surface
84
. Fluid is caused to flow radially inwardly from the arcuate surface through an orifice
20
located above the diffuser material to form a laminar fluid stream.
III. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In
FIG. 1
, turbulent water or other fluid enters the nozzle body,
2
, at inlet port,
1
, and encounters the convex surface of a porous filter which has been formed into the shape of a hollow hemisphere,
3
, at the center of which is the exit orifice. As the fluid flows through the hollow hemispherical diffuser it has its Reynold's Number significantly reduced. The energy of any gross turbulences on the convex side of the diffuser tends to be converted to a very great number of micro-turbulences which tend to be self canceling.
Since the diffuser,
3
, also shown in
FIG. 3
, is shaped as a hollow hemisphere centered upon the exit orifice,
4
, then all water flowing from the diffuser to the exit orifice has substantially the same distance to travel from all directions. With this low-turbulence fluid all having substantially the same straight-line distance to travel to the exit orifice,
4
, there tends to be little new turbulence introduced and the fluid,
5
, exiting the orifice,
4
, tends to be highly laminar.
REFERENCES:
patent: 2873142 (1959-02-01), Zetterström
patent: 3630444 (1971-12-01), Nelson
patent: 4343435 (1982-08-01), Anderton et al.
patent: 4795092 (1989-01-01), Fuller
patent: 5213260 (1993-05-01), Tonkinson
patent: 5641120 (1997-06-01), Kuykendal et al.
Deichmann Ronald S.
Kuykendal Robert L.
Cummings Henry W.
Evans Robin O.
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