Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Preparations characterized by special physical form – Cosmetic – antiperspirant – dentifrice
Reexamination Certificate
1998-03-18
2001-04-03
Page, Thurman K. (Department: 1615)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Preparations characterized by special physical form
Cosmetic, antiperspirant, dentifrice
C424S070100, C424S070110, C424S070130
Reexamination Certificate
active
06210689
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to cosmetic compositions used for treating keratin substances and which contain selected amphoteric polysaccharide derivatives, particularly polygalactomannan derivatives such as guar gum. The resulting compositions have good compatibility as well as being substantive to hair and skin and provide desirable conditioning and aesthetic properties.
Many disclosures of cationic and anionic derivatives of polymers, polysaccharides and polygalactomannans have been made for a variety of applications and uses. Cosmetic compositions containing polymer, polysaccharide and polygalactomannan derivatives for use in treating keratin substances such as hair, skin and nails are also known.
Shampoo compositions containing quaternary ammonium cationic derivatives of galactomannan gum are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,186,928 issued on Feb. 16, 1993 to D. Birtwistle. U.S. Pat. No. 5,387,675 issued Feb. 7, 1995 to M. Yeh discloses cationic quaternary ammonium ethers of polysaccharides such as starches, celluloses and polygalactomannans as thickening agents in different applications. Cationic organic polymers are disclosed as conditioning agents in hair shampoos in U.S. Pat. No. 5,573,709 issued Nov. 12, 1996 to R. Wells. Cationic starches of the quaternary ammonium type are disclosed as demulsifiers in U.S. Pat. No. 4,088,600 issued May 9, 1978 to T. Tutein et al and Japanese Pat. No. Disclosure 55-45602, published Mar. 31, 1980 to T. Yanagikawa et al. shows cationized hydroxyalkyl starches used in cosmetic compositions.
Anionic carboxyalkyl derivatives of galactomannans have been disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,679,658 issued Jul. 25, 1972 to M. Yueh et al.; U.S. Pat. No. 3,712,883 issued Jan. 23, 1973 to R. Nordgren and U.S. Pat. No. 3,740,388 issued Jun. 19, 1973 to R. Montgomery et al. Carboxyalkyl hydroxyalkyl derivatives of polygalactomannans are disclosed as thickeners in aqueous fluids in U.S. Pat. No. 3,723,409 issued Mar. 27, 1973 to M. Yueh.
Blends of cationic polysaccharides with anionic polysaccharides to produce compositions with enhanced viscosity were disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,378,830 issued on Jan. 3, 1995 to M. Yeh.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,751,411 issued Aug. 7, 1973 to L. Elzier discloses starches containing anionic and cationic groups on the same molecule and which are useful in paper or textile sizing applications.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,467,647 issued Sep. 16, 1969 to H. Benninga shows amphoteric derivatives of polysaccharides containing both cationic and anionic substituents which are useful in producing water-resistant coated paper.
A recent U.S Pat. No. 5,536,825 issued Jul. 16, 1996 to M. Yeh et al. discloses derivatized guar gum having non-ionic, anionic or cationic groups and further exemplifies hydroxyalkyl cationic guar derivatives.
Compositions for treating keratin which comprise cationic and anionic polymers containing vinyl sulfonic groups and synthetic amphoteric polymers as well as amphoteric chitosan derivatives are disclosed in GB Patent No. 2 098 226 published Nov. 17, 1982 to J. Mondal et al.
Another disclosure of keratin treating compositions containing amphoteric polymers is found in U.S. Pat. No. 5,089,252 issued Feb. 18, 1992 to J. Grollier et al. This patent discloses compositions of synthetic amphoteric polymers of betainised dialkylamine alkyl methacrylate or methacrylamide.
Despite the various disclosures of cationic, anionic and amphoteric derivatives as described above, there still is a need for cosmetic keratin treating compositions which are compatible and provide desirable conditioning and aesthetic properties.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention involves a cosmetic composition for treating keratin substances to provide compatibility as well as conditioning and aesthetic properties and which contains selected amphoteric polysaccharide derivatives.
More particularly this invention is directed to a composition for treating keratin substances comprising an amphoteric polysaccharide derivative, preferably amphoteric guar gum derivatives, which contain a cationic group comprising an amino, ammonium, imino, sulfonium or phosphonium group arid an anionic group comprising a carboxyl, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate or phosphonate group. A particularly preferred keratin treating composition is an amphoteric guar gum derivative containing a tertiary amino or quaternary ammonium ether cationic group and a carboxyalkyl anionic group.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The composition of this invention comprises a selected amphoteric polysaccharide derivative containing both a cationic and anionic substituent. The polysaccharide base material may be any of the native or natural polysaccharide polymers obtained from plant, animal and microbial sources. Examples of polysaccharides are starch, cellulose and polygalactomannans and derivatives of each. The polygalactomannans are the preferred polysaccharide and they are composed principally of galactose and mannose units and are usually found in the endosperm of leguminous seeds. Guar, tara and locust bean are illustrative polygalactomannans with guar gum being the preferred polysaccharide.
The polysaccharides are derivatized or modified to contain a cationic group or substituent. The substituted polysaccharides are formed by the derivatization of the hydroxyl functionality of the polysaccharide. The cationic group may be an amino, ammonium, imino, sulfonium or phosphonium group. Such cationic derivatives include those containing nitrogen containing groups comprising primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary amines and sulfonium and phosphonium groups attached through either ether or ester linkages. The preferred cationic derivatives are those containing the tertiary amino and quaternary ammonium ether groups.
The cationic derivatives as described above may be produced by known methods as disclosed for example in “Cationic Starches”, by D. B. Solarek in
Modified Starches: Properties and Uses
, Chapter 8, 1986 and in U.S. Pat. No. 4,119,487 issued Oct. 10, 1978 to M. Tessler. The method for preparing polysaccharides such as starch or guar gum containing tertiary amino groups involves reacting the polysaccharide under alkaline conditions with a dialkylaminoalkyl halide as described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,813,093 issued on Nov. 12, 1957 to C. Caldwell et al. The primary and secondary amine derivatives may be prepared by reacting the polysaccharide with aminoalkyl anhydrides, amino epoxides or halides, or the corresponding compounds containing aryl in addition to the alkyl groups.
Quaternary ammonium groups may be introduced into the guar gum or polysaccharide by treatment with the reaction product of an epihalohydrin and a tertiary amine or tertiary amine salt to provide, for example, 2-hydroxypropyl ether substituent groups as disclosed in the noted U.S. Pat. No. 4,119,487. They may also be introduced into the guar gum by suitable treatment of guar with etherifying agents as described in the previously noted U.S. Pat. No. 2,813,093. The above noted patents, i.e., '487 and '093 are incorporated herein by reference.
The preparation of cationic sulfonium derivatives is described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,989,520 issued June, 1961 to M. Rutenberg et al. and essentially involves the reaction of guar gum or base material in an aqueous alkaline medium with a beta-halogenosulfonium salt, vinylsulfonium salt or epoxyalkyl-sulfonium salt. The preparation of the cationic phosphonium derivatives is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,077,469 issued Feb. 12, 1963 to A. Aszalos and involves reaction in an aqueous alkaline medium with a beta-halogenoalkylphosphonium salt.
Particularly useful cationic derivatives are those containing amino or nitrogen groups having alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, or cyclic substituents of 1 to 22 carbon atoms and especially alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
The polysaccharide used in this invention will also be derivatized with an anionic group or substituent. This anionic group may be a carboxyl, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate or phosphonate group, preferably a carboxyl group.
Chowdhary Manjit S.
Cottrell Ian W.
Koltai Kimberly A.
Martino Gary T.
Duncan Laurelee A.
Ghali Isis
National Starch & Chemical Co. Investment Holding Corporation
Page Thurman K.
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