Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification – Fluid treatment – Special forms and forming
Patent
1992-02-13
1994-04-05
Stinson, Frankie L.
Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification
Fluid treatment
Special forms and forming
68177, 68178, D06B 328
Patent
active
052993396
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a jet dyeing apparatus for dyeing textile materials which is particularly desirable for use in dyeing textile fabrics in rope form. In apparatuses of this type, the fabric to be treated is continuously circulated through a treatment zone or transport tube in which dye liquor is applied to the fabric under pressure. The pressurized liquor serves a dual function, namely to dye the fabric as well as to impart movement to the fabric rope which is conveyed from the transport tube into a fabric storage chamber. Within the storage chamber, the fabric is submerged in excess dye liquor and moves through this chamber suspended in the liquor until it is removed from the opposite end for conveyance through the transport tube whereupon the cycle is repeated.
As noted, pressurized dye liquor is applied to the fabric in the fabric transport tube. For this purpose, the tube typically includes at least one peripheral liquor sprayer or "P.L.S." which is designed to apply the liquor under pressure to the fabric about its complete circumference. It is particularly desirable to apply the pressurized liquor in a way which enhances the interchange between the dyestuffs and the fabric in order to enhance the uniformity of the dye application to the fabric. In order to dye the fabric successfully, however, it is also necessary that the fabric travel at relatively high speeds through the transport tube, but while still ensuring that the desired level of liquor-fabric interchange occurs.
In order to increase operating speeds, it is customary to utilize relatively high liquor pressures in the peripheral liquor sprayer, for example, in order to enhance fabric throughput and fabric-liquor interchange. Unfortunately, the use of high water pressures often results in damage to the surface of the fabric (i.e., peeling or pitting) and "stitch" deformation. The problem is particularly acute with lightweight fabrics which are more susceptible to damage from the relatively high pressures which means that the fabric finisher must typically either reduce his operating rates or compromise the quality of the resulting dyed products.
Representative jet dyeing machines for dyeing fabrics in continuous rope form are shown, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,587,256 (Spara), 3,949,575 (Turner, et al.), 3,982,411 (Kreitz), 4,083,208 (Ekstroem), and 4,318,286 (Sturkey). The art-recognized problems of surface degradation in dye treatments, and with lightweight fabrics in particular, are described in Kreitz and Sturkey. For his part, Kreitz suggests that a plurality of nozzles be utilized of differing construction depending upon the type of fabric to be treated in the jet dyeing apparatus. This increases downtime since the apparatus must be modified each time the weight of the fabric to be treated in the jet dyeing apparatus is changed materially. As an alternative, Sturkey proposes the use of a modified j-box and an elongate liquor transport tube which has a steep upward incline in order to ensure, according to Sturkey, that the treated fabric will be conveyed through the transport tube with relatively reduced surface degradation. The problem in the Sturkey device, however, is that the use of a single liquor sprayer at the inlet in combination with the elongate tube, means that extremely high pressures must be used in order to maintain any reasonable throughput through the jet dyeing machine.
A still further modified jet dyeing apparatus is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,083,208 to Ekstroem which also recognizes the problem presented by the desire to use the same jet dyeing apparatus for the purpose of dyeing either lightweight or heavier fabrics as well as yarns. Ekstroem suggests the use of a discharge pipe of varying undulated constructions which also requires changes in piping construction depending upon the weight of the fabric to be treated. Furthermore, Ekstroem advocates the use of a perforated region in the undulated pipe for the purpose of reducing the rate of travel in the fabric, ostensibly for the reason of reducing tur
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S. Sclayos S.A.
Stinson Frankie L.
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