Radiant energy – Ionic separation or analysis – With sample supply means
Patent
1988-03-22
1991-04-30
Anderson, Bruce C.
Radiant energy
Ionic separation or analysis
With sample supply means
250282, H01J 4926
Patent
active
050120522
ABSTRACT:
An isotope-ratio-monitoring gas chromatography-mass spectrometry apparatus and method are disclosed which provide for on-line analysis of isotope compositions with high precision. With the apparatus and method, samples are introduced in a hydrogen carrier gas into a gas chromatograph and resolved into discrete compounds. The discrete compounds are thereafter introduced to a selectively permeable membrane separator, empolying palladium, palladium alloy or other suitable material, to separate out the hydrogen carrier. A replacement carrier gas is simultaneously introduced to carry the chromatographic sample to a combustion reactor, water separator and isotope-ratio-monitoring mass spectrometer. The replacement carrier gas is introduced at a lower flowrate than the hydrogen carrier gas, thus permitting lower flowrates to be introduced to the mass spectrometer to improve its precision. Flowrates to the mass spectrometer are thus reduced without any loss or fractionation of the sample. An improved combustion system is employed to reduce system volume and equalize system pressure, while still providing quantitative combustion.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3638396 (1972-02-01), Lovelock
patent: 4517461 (1985-05-01), Crandall
Matthews, D. E., "Isotope Ratio Determinations using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry", Ph.D. Dissertation, Dept. of Chemistry, Indiana University 1977.
Matthews, D. E. and Hayes, J. M., "Isotope-Ratio-Monitoring Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometry", Analytical Chemistry, vol. 50, p. 1456, Sep. 1978.
Sano, M. Yotsui, Y., Abe, H., Sasaki, S., "A New Technique for the Detection of Metabolities Labelled by the Isotope .sup.13 C Using Mass Fragmentography", Biomed. Mass Spec., vol. 3, pp. 1-3, 1976.
Simonds, P. G., Shoemake, G. R., Lovelock, J. E., "Palladium-Hydrogen System", Anal. Chem., vol. 42, No. 8, pp. 881-885, Jul. 1970.
Lovelock, J. E., Simmonds, P. G., Shoemake, G. R., "The Palladium Generator-Separator--A Combined Electrolytic Source and Sink for Hydrogen in Closed Circuit Gas Chromatography", Analytical Chemistry. vol. 42, No. 9, pp. 969-973, Aug. 1970.
Dencker, W. D., Rushneck, D. R., Shoemake, G. R., "Electrochemical Cell as a Gas Chromatograph--Mass Spectrometer Interface", Anal. Chem., vol. 44, No. 11. pp. 1753-1758, Sep. 1972.
Barrie, A., Bricout, J., Koziet, J., "Gas Chromatography--Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis at Natural Abundance levels", Biomed. Mass Spec., vol. 11, No. 11, pp. 583-588, 1984.
Preston, T., Owens, N. J. P., "Preliminary .sup.13 C Measurments Using a Gas Chromatography Interfaced to an Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer", Biomed. Mass Spec., vol. 12, No. 9, pp. 510-513, 1985.
Preston, T., Owens, N. J. P., "Interfacing an Automatic Elemental Analyzer with an Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer: the Potential for Fully Automated Total Nitrogen and Nitrogen-15 Analysis", Analyst, vol. 108, pp. 971-977, Aug. 198.
Gilmour, I., Swart, P. K., Pillinger, C. T., "The Carbon Isotopic Composition of Individual Petroleum Lipids", Org. Geochem., vol. 6, pp. 665-670, 1984.
Hut, G., Begemann, M. J. S., Weerkamp, H. R., "Determination of Isotope Ratios in the Natural Gas Components CH.sub.4 and N.sub.2 Separated by Gas Chromatography", Isotope Geoscience, vol. 2, pp. 75-83, 1984.
Welte, D. H., "Determination of C.sup.13 /C.sup.12 Isotope Ratios of Individual Higher n-Paraffins from Different Petroleums", Adavances in Organic Geochemistry 19 pp. 269-277. Pergamon 1969.
Simmonds, P. G., Kerns, E., "Direct Aqueous Injection Gas Chromatography for the Analysis of Trace Organics in Water", Journal of Chromatography, vol. 186 pp. 785-794, 1979.
Piell, J. D., Oliver, K. D., McClenny, W. A., "Enhanced Performance of Nafion Dryers in Removing Water from Air Samples Prior to Gas Chromatographic Analysis", Japca, vol. 37, pp. 244-248, 1987.
Lopez, M., Kipling, B., Yeager, H. L., "Exchange Rates and Water Content of a Cation Exchange Membrane in Aprotic Solvents", Anal. Chem., vol. 48, No. 8, pp. 1120-1122, 1976.
Volger, E. A., Meyers, P. A., Moore, W. A., "Comparison of Michigan Basin Crude Oils", Geochim. Cosmochim., vol. 45, pp. 2287-2293, 1981.
Des Marais, D. J., Mitchell, J. M., Meinschein, W. G., Hayes, J. M., "The Carbon Isotope Biogeochemistry of the Individual Hydrocarbons in Bat Guano and the Ecology of the Insectivorous Bats in the Region of Carlsbad, New Mexico", Geochimical Cosmochim., vol. 44, pp. 2075-2086, 1980.
Sweeley, C. C., Elliot, W. H., Fries, I., Ryhage, R., "Mass Spectrometric Determination of Unresolved Components in Gas Chromatographic Effluents", Anal. Chem., vol. 38, No. 11, pp. 1549-1453, 1966.
Klein, P. D., Haumann, J. R., Eisler, W. J., "Gas Chromatograph--Mass Specrometer Accelerating Voltage Alternator System for the Measurement of Stable Isotope Ratios in Organic Molecules", Anal. Chem., vol 44, No. 3, pp. 490-493, Mar. 1972.
Klein, P. D., Haumann, J. R., Hachey, D. L., "Stable Isotope Ratiometer--Multip Ion Detector Unit for Quantitative and Qualitative Stable Isotope Studies by Gas Chromatography--Mass Spectrometry", Clin. Chem., vol. 21, No. 9, pp. 1253-1257, 1975.
Holland, J. F., Sweeley, C. C., Thrush, R. E., Teets, R. E., Bieber, M. A., "On-Line Computer Controlled Multiple Ion Detection in Combined Gas Chromatography--Mass Spectrometry", Anal. Chem., vol. 45, No. 2, pp. 308-314, Feb. 1973.
Caprioli, R. M., Fies, W. F., Story, M. S., "Direct Analysis of Stable Isotopes with a Quadruple Mass Spectrometer", Anal. Chem., vol. 46, No. 4, pp. 453-462, Apr. 1974.
Poster Exhibited by Applicant at a conference of the Geological Society of America in 1986.
"Gas Chromotography-Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer", Brochure for isochre II by VG Isogas, Ltd.
Freedman, P. A., Gillyon, E. C. P., Jumeau, E. J., "Design and Application of New Instrument for GC-Isotope Ratio MS", American laboratory, Jun. 1988, p. 114.
Brand, W. A. Ricci, M. P., and Habfast, K., "On-Line Combustion and High Precision Isotope Ratio Monitoring of Organic Compounds", Abstract, 11th International Mass Spectrometry Conference, Bordeaux, 29 Aug.-2 Sep. 1988.
Anderson Bruce C.
Indiana University Foundation
LandOfFree
Isotope-ratio-monitoring gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ap does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Isotope-ratio-monitoring gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ap, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Isotope-ratio-monitoring gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ap will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-642003