Ammunition and explosives – Shells – Practice
Reexamination Certificate
2002-05-28
2003-07-22
Tudor, Harold J. (Department: 3641)
Ammunition and explosives
Shells
Practice
C102S368000, C102S482000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06595139
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to an irritation body in the form of a hand grenade for producing irritations for offenders during police or military assignments, for example.
Irritation bodies are used, among other things, during hostage-takings or aircraft hijackings in order to overpower offenders. The irritation body is mostly similar to the shape of a hand grenade and is provided with a cylindrical receptacle with several compartments for active or effect changes, e.g. detonation or flash charges. The effect charges are ignited with the help of an ignition device, e.g. rocker igniting apparatus, which can be manually activated. The time-delay mechanism ensures that the individual effect charges are ignited within a sequence over several seconds. As a result of the bang produced during the ignition of the individual effect charges and the additionally occurring blinding effect, an irritation effect is to be produced on the respective person.
Such an irritation body is known from the printed publication WO 94/08200 of the applicant. In this irritation body, nine radially outwardly facing compartments with effect charges are housed in a cylindrical receptacle, which compartments are arranged in a manner so as to be offset about the central axis. The ignition device for the effect charges is provided with a common ignition duct with a time-delay charge which extends along the central axis of the receptacle. The individual compartments are connected at different heights with the ignition duct. A rocker igniting apparatus with a secured rocker lever is placed on the receptacle for the manual ignition.
For igniting the irritation body it is held in one hand, with the rocker lever being grasped simultaneously and being held in its secured position where it rests on the receptacle. With the other hand the safety device of the rocker is released by pulling the safety pin for example. When the irritation body is thrown, the lever flips upwardly by a spring and ignites the charge by way of a striking pin. After the ignition all effect charges in the receptacle are ignited in a time sequence. The recoil produced during the ignition of an effect charge displaces the irritation body. The irritation effect is increased particularly in the case of flash charges.
However, if during the release of the safety device the rocker lever igniting apparatus is not held by a hand, the lever will already flip up during the release of the safety device, as a result of which the effect charges may be ignited under certain circumstances although the irritation body is still held in the hand. The user may be injured or burnt on the hand by the radially outwardly directed explosion of the effect charges.
An irritation body is known from the same printed publication in which a total of six compartments are arranged in the longitudinal direction about the central axis of the irritation body and penetrate the irritation body in its entire length and are closed off at the upper and lower side by plugs. During the ignition of the effect charges the propellants exit from the receptacle upwardly and downwardly.
If the irritation body is improperly handled as described above and is still held during the ignition of the effect charges, the propellants will no longer exit directly in the direction towards the palms of the hand, as was the case in the previously described irritation body. However, the user will be injured in the face by the upwardly exiting propellants. The propellants exiting downwardly are generally not so hazardous, because they are usually directed against the floor.
One could avoid the danger of injuries during improper handling at least in part if one would seal off the compartments on the upper side of the receptacle, so that injuries in the face will practically no longer occur.
This design, however, has a serious disadvantage: If the properly thrown irritation body falls to the ground in such a way that during the ignition of the effect charges the propellants hit a close object such as the floor or a wall or if the irritation body comes to stand on the lower side of the receptacle, the irritation body will be ejected away in the manner of a projectile by the recoil of one or several ignited effect charges. This uncontrolled movement of the irritation body will lead to a high danger of injury for the persons located close by.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention is based on the object to modify an irritation body of the kind mentioned above in such a way that the danger of injuries is reduced even when improperly handled.
This object, as well as other objects which will become apparent from the discussion that follows, are achieved, according to the present invention, by means of an improvement wherein all compartments are sealed off on the upper side of the receptacle and open on the opposite lower side of the receptacle into a common chamber which is downwardly open and includes several outwardly facing lateral openings which are distributed around the chamber exterior.
By sealing off the compartments at the upper side of the receptacle, propellants can no longer exit in the direction of the user's face during improper handling. The propellants escape through the chamber and expand in the direction towards the floor, thus considerably reducing the danger of injuries.
If by chance the receptacle comes to stand on the downwardly open side of the chamber or comes to lie close to an object with this side, the propellants can escape through the lateral openings of the chamber, so that recoil occurring during the ignition is considerably diminished. As a result, the irritation body is no longer ejected in the manner of a projectile, but merely performs at most a minimal harmless movement.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the length of the chamber is one-fifth to one-third of the overall length of the receptacle.
Preferably, the receptacle with the compartments for the effect charges is of integral design.
For a full understanding of the present invention, reference should now be made to the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4444111 (1984-04-01), Luebbers
patent: 4976201 (1990-12-01), Hamilton
patent: 5654523 (1997-08-01), Brunn
patent: 9213375 (1992-12-01), None
patent: PCT/DE93/00633 (1993-07-01), None
patent: WO 98/21541 (1998-05-01), None
Milde & Hoffberg LLP
Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Juergen Diederichs GmbH & Co. KG
Tudor Harold J.
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