Chemistry of inorganic compounds – Sulfur or compound thereof – Binary compound
Patent
1997-11-24
2000-05-02
Griffin, Steven P.
Chemistry of inorganic compounds
Sulfur or compound thereof
Binary compound
423138, 423148, 423558, C01G 4912
Patent
active
060569352
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to an iron sulfide which can be used as a novel catalyst for coal liquefaction or heavy-oil hydrogenation, more particularly as a dispersion catalyst which exhibits excellent hydrogenation activity when used in converting a coal and a solvent or a heavy oil into a light oil in the presence of hydrogen. The present invention also relates to a process for producing the iron sulfide.
BACKGROUND ART
In the field of coal liquefaction, for example, attempts have been made to convert a coal to a liquefied oil through hydrocracking, and research and development works have been enthusiastically conducted since the achievement of the Bergius process. Many coal liquefaction processes have been proposed so far, including the new IG process, H-Coal process, SRC-II process and EDS process.
In coal liquefaction processes using catalysts, some catalysts are used by the ebullition bed method with liquefaction reactor, and others are used by being added to coal slurries. Known as a representative of the former are particulate catalysts comprising nickel, cobalt, molybdenum or the like supported on a support such as alumina. Known as a representative of the latter catalysts are powdery iron compounds such as iron oxide, iron ore, and red mud.
However, the former and the latter catalysts have unsolved problems mainly from the standpoints of catalyst deterioration and catalytic activity, respectively.
Recently, proposals have come to be made on techniques for efficiently conducting coal liquefaction in the method in which a catalyst is added to a coal slurry. These techniques comprise employing a catalyst having an increased functional-ingredient content, or comprise employing a catalyst having a reduced particle size so as to finely disperse the catalyst, each to thereby heighten the efficiency of the contact thereof with the coal and solvent. With respect to the case in which iron ore, iron hydroxide, red mud, iron sulfate or the like is used, it has been proposed to conduct the liquefaction reaction in the presence of sulfur to thereby greatly enhance the liquefaction activity. Naturally occurring pyrite is also well known to have catalytic activity. A process for chemically synthesizing a pyrite in order to heighten the content of FeS.sub.2, serving as an active ingredient, is described, e.g., in Unexamined Published Japanese Patent Application No. 59-183831, which comprises using ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, sodium sulfide, and solid sulfur as starting materials to synthesize iron disulfide by a wet method. In this process, the iron disulfide yielded is taken out of the aqueous solution by filtration, washed, and then subjected to drying and pulverization steps.
Examined Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-60115 and Unexamined Published Japanese Patent Application No. 5-98266 proposed simplified processes in which ferrous sulfate is reacted as a starting material with hydrogen sulfide and elemental sulfur, respectively, as a sulfurizing agent at a high temperature by a dry method. A similar dry process is proposed in Unexamined Published Japanese Patent Application No. 61-268357, in which process the crystal water and adherent water of ferrous sulfate for use as a starting material are treated by drying, followed by burning at a high temperature with hydrogen sulfide and elemental sulfur.
However, the catalysts proposed so far are unsatisfactory in liquefaction yield when used in a system in which iron ore, iron hydroxide, red mud, iron sulfate or the like coexists with sulfur. Furthermore, it is known that use of prior art catalysts causes the deposition of a scale comprising mainly of iron compounds, on the inner surface of the tube of a preheater in a liquefaction plant, to thereby plug the flow path to arouse troubles in continuous operation. There also is a currently employed technique in which pyrite as a starting material is pulverized with a small-diameter ball mill or the like. However, since pyrite has a Mohs' hardness of 6 or higher, the balls or the main pulver
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Mellor Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry vol. XIV, Longmans, Green & Co., Ltd., London GB, p. 144, 1947.
Imada Kunihiro
Inokuchi Kenji
Kai Tadashi
Matsue Yuji
Sakurai Masaaki
Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
Griffin Steven P.
Vanoy Timothy C
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