Liquid purification or separation – Processes – Liquid/liquid solvent or colloidal extraction or diffusing...
Patent
1996-04-03
1997-07-15
Therkorn, Ernest G.
Liquid purification or separation
Processes
Liquid/liquid solvent or colloidal extraction or diffusing...
210656, 2101982, 2105021, B01D 1508
Patent
active
056479875
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to separation materials for ion exchange chromatography.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
For ion exchange chromatography, especially of macromolecules of biological origin (biopolymers), DE 38 11 042 discloses ionic graft polymers in which all of the monomer units have the respective ionic structural elements. Despite the generally outstanding properties of these ion exchangers, in certain applications it was found that individual analyte bands were only inadequately separated. The object of the present invention is to provide separation materials having improved properties.
The application DE 43 10 964 discloses oxirane-containing activated support materials in which monomers of the formula I are grafted onto a hydroxyl-containing base support ##STR2## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently of one another are H or CH.sub.3,
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It has been found that these activated support materials can be reacted, in a manner known per se, to give separation materials for ion exchange chromatography. The resulting separation materials exhibit improved properties.
The invention therefore relates to separation materials for ion exchange chromatography which are based on hydroxyl-containing base supports on whose surfaces polymers are covalently bonded, characterized in that terminal monomer unit, formula III, ##STR3## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently of one another are H or CH.sub.3, R.sup.5 R.sup.6 R.sup.7 or SO.sub.3 H, and -C.sub.4 -alkyl, it also being possible for one or both radicals R.sup.5 and/or R.sup.6 to be H.
The invention relates to the use of the separation materials according to the invention in the separation of mixtures of at least two substances, in particular for the separation of biopolymers, by ion exchange chromatography.
The invention also relates to processes for the preparation of separation materials for ion exchange chromatography, characterized in that oxirane-containing activated support materials known from DE 43 10 964 are reacted with sulfurous acid or its salts or with primary, secondary or tertiary amines of the formula IV -C.sub.4 -alkyl, it also being possible for one or two of these radicals to be H.
The invention relates to methods of separating mixtures of at least two substances, in particular for the separation of biopolymers, by ion exchange chromatography using the separation materials according to the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 shows an elution curve (breakthrough curve); experimental details can be found in Use Example A. FIG. 2 shows an elution curve from a chromatographic separation of human serum albumin, ovalbumin and conalbumin; experimental details can be found in Use Example C.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In accordance with the invention, cation exchangers containing sulfonyl groups can be prepared using sulfurous acid or its salts. For the preparation of anion exchangers it is possible to use primary, secondary or tertiary alkylamines having 1-4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain or chains. Consequently, the radicals R.sup.5, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7, in each case independently of one another, can be methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl or tert-butyl, it also being possible for one or two of these radicals to be hydrogen. Thus for the preparation of anion exchangers containing amino groups it is possible, for example, to use methylamine, dimethylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, ethylmethylamine, propylamine, dipropylamine or methylpropylamine. Preference is given to the use of dimethylamine or diethylamine. For the preparation of anion exchangers containing quaternary ammonium groups it is possible, for example, to use trimethylamine, triethylamine, ethyldimethylamine or diethylmethylamine, with the use of trimethylamine being preferred.
The compounds mentioned react with the oxirane system to form, if sulfurous acid or its compounds are used, sulfonated cation exchangers. The use of primary or secondary amines produces anion exchangers containing
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Gensert Roland
Muller Egbert
Poguntke Peter
Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter Haftung
Therkorn Ernest G.
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