Chemistry: electrical and wave energy – Apparatus – Electrolytic
Patent
1989-08-07
1991-01-01
Kaplan, G. L.
Chemistry: electrical and wave energy
Apparatus
Electrolytic
357 25, G01N 27333
Patent
active
049815709
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to an ion carrier membrane. More particularly, the invention relates to an ion carrier membrane which exhibits ion selectivity in an ion sensor, ion-selective FET sensor (ISFET) and the like, and to an ion sensor equipped with such an ion carrier membrane.
BACKGROUND ART
With regard to the action of a plasticizer in the membrane composition of a polymeric ion carrier membrane in a liquid membrane-type electrode of an ion sensor or the like in which the polymeric membrane is substituted for a glass membrane, W. Simon et al have found that the dielectric constant of the membrane solution (plasticizer) (a water-immiscible liquid of low vapor pressure, compatible with PVC, no functional group of which can undergo protonation reaction) enhances the selectivity of a monovalent cation of the same size ["Ion Enzyme Electrodes in Biology & Medicine", W. Simon, Int. Workshop, pp. 22-37 (1976)]. As a result, o-NPOE [o-nitrophenyl-n-octylether 24 (20.degree. C.)] is used as the plasticizer, and this is put to use in an Na.sup.+ sensor and K.sup.+ sensor. It was subsequently reported that DOS (dioctyl sebacate), which has a high lipophilic/hydrophilic distribution coefficient, is best suited for an ion-selective electrode [Anal. Chemistry 52 (4) 692-700 (1980)]. However, this concept does not hold true in a case where the ion carrier membrane is of a solid-state type. In such case, the stability between the ion carrier membrane and an electrolytic polymeric membrane takes on great importance.
In the prior art, it is known to incorporate an ion carrier substance in the ion carrier membrane used in an ion-selective electrode, in which a polyvinyl chloride resin serves as a matrix and a plasticizer serves as the solvent. Examples of the plasticizer which can be used are phthalate esters, maleates, sebacates and adipates, though flow-out of these plasticizers and the toxicity of the effluent pose problems. In particular, it is known that the amount of plasticizer outflow increases in blood or body fluids. For this reason, a plasticizer which exhibits little outflow is desirable as the membrane for an ion sensor of the type used to subject blood or body fluids to measurement.
In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 61-155949 and 61-194343, etc., the inventors have previously reported on an ion sensor obtained by depositing a redox layer on an electrically conductive substrate, and coating the result with an ion carrier membrane. From the standpoint of durability, it is desired that the plasticizer in these ion carrier membranes have little solubility with respect to the redox layer composition.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides an ion carrier membrane and an ion sensor having the same, which ion carrier membrane improves the stability between itself and an electrolytic polymeric membrane through use of a plasticizer which does not readily dissolve in a solution and which exhibits ionic mobility in the ion carrier membrane.
Further, the present invention provides an ion carrier membrane and an ion sensor having the same, which ion carrier membrane reduces the outflow of materials to blood or the like and raises the durability of the ion sensor through use of a plasticizer which does not readily dissolve in a solution under measurement and which exhibits little mutual solubility with respect to an electrolytic polymeric membrane (redox layer).
As means for solving the foregoing problems, the ion carrier membrane of the invention is an ion carrier membrane sensitive to a prescribed ion and comprising polyvinyl chloride plasticized by a plasticizer, the plasticizer being selected from at least one of maleate plasticizers, and carboxylate plasticizers.
Further, the ion carrier membrane of the invention is an ion carrier membrane sensitive to a prescribed ion and comprising polyvinyl chloride plasticized by a plasticizer, the plasticizer being selected from polycaprolactone plasticizers and plasticizers comprising modified ethylene--vinyl acetate copolym
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Daikuhara Norio
Oyama Noboru
Shimomura Takeshi
Suzuki Takanao
Yamaguchi Shuichiro
Kaplan G. L.
Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha
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