Intumescent one-component sealant

Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Processes of preparing a desired or intentional composition...

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252606, 427154, 427445, 523142, 523217, 524196, 524415, 524416, 524494, 524589, 524590, C09K 2114, B22C 122, C08J 300, C08L 7500

Patent

active

055940463

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to an intumescent one-component sealant comprising a polyurethane binder, an intumescent agent and, if required, conventional additives, to a process for preparing such a sealant, and to the use thereof for sealing openings or joints in construction parts.
One- and two-component sealants based on polyurethane are often used as high-performance sealing materials in the construction industry, for example for the elastic sealing of settlement joints between prefabricated concrete elements. In the event of fire, the sealing material is generally not capable of preventing, as fire barrier, passage of the times through the joint for more than 20 minutes. Specially formulated sealants are therefore necessary to keep the joints closed for hours even in the event of fire.
It is already known, namely by EP-A-420302, that a composition of a polyurethane binder, an intumescent substance and glass frits as glass-like melting filler provides an intumescent material; this document however does not provide an indication about a preparation of the glass-like filler by means of an isocyanate.
In DE-A-3421086 it is described the reaction of an aqueous alcaline silicate solution with a polyisocyanate and a polyol. The reaction product however is a tridimensional crosslinked organomineral without the property of intumescence.
From DE-A-1118966 it is known a flame-resistant sealant composition which comprises a crosslinked polyurethane and a silicic acid filler which before crosslinking of the binder was dissolved, at least in colloidal state, in a fluid adduct of a component comprising OH- groups and an isocyanate. This composition however is not intumescent and the silicic acid was not prepared with an isocyanate alone.
JP-A-52/102395 describes a fire-resistant sealing composition made from a foamable polyurethane and an aqueous sodium silicate solution. However in this document can be found no mention of the addition of a glass-like melting filler prepared from an isocyanate to intumescent polyurethane sealing composition.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide intumescent one-component sealants which are in particular stable on storage and are an effective fire barrier in openings and joints of construction parts in the event of fire. A second objective of the present invention is to indicate a process for preparing a sealant of this kind.
The present invention therefore relates to an intumescent one-component sealant comprising a polyurethane binder and an intumescent agent and, if required, conventional additives, characterised in that it further contains a vitreous fusible filler and in that the intumescent agent and the vitreous filler have been subjected to a pretreatment by reaction with an isocyanate having a functionality of at least 2.
The polyurethane binder used in the sealant according to the invention is, for example, a polyurethane prepolymer. The starting components for preparing such polyurethane prepolymers, such as polyols, isocyanates and catalysts, are very well known in polyurethane chemistry.
The sealants according to the invention are moisture-curing. In order to prevent premature curing before application, the sealants are therefore stored in impermeable containers, for example in aluminium or plastics cartridges, with the exclusion of moisture.
The vitreous filler used according to the invention preferably has a wide melting range of approximately 300.degree. to 900.degree. C. and serves to improve the properties of the sealant as a fire barrier in the event of fire. Glass frit materials are especially suitable for this purpose, a glass frit material having a melting range of about 350.degree. to 700.degree. C. being especially preferred. Such vitreous fillers having a wide melting range are available commercially, for example under the tradename "Ceepree" for a glass frit material having a melting range of 350.degree.-700.degree. C., which devitrifies above 800.degree. C. and forms a fireproof barrier layer.
Suitable intumescent agents are the substances convention

REFERENCES:
patent: 4529742 (1985-07-01), von Bonin et al.

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