Surgery – Instruments – Orthopedic instrumentation
Patent
1998-10-02
2000-06-20
Buiz, Michael
Surgery
Instruments
Orthopedic instrumentation
606 62, 606 64, A61B 1756
Patent
active
060772646
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention concerns a tubular intramedullary nail to be used in orthopedics for the reduction of bone fractures.
It is well known that in orthopedic surgery tubular metal rods called "nails" to be inserted in the fractured bone after drilling the medullary canal of the bone itself are used in most cases for the treatment of fractures, especially fractures of the long bones. In order to avoid the rotation of the fragments and their shortening in multifragmented fractures. The known technique requires the intersection of said nail by means of anchoring screws that pass through apposite holes. The insertion of the nail and, above all, the distal locking of the nail itself on the fragments of the fractured bone are rather complex operations, due also to the fact that it is often difficult to center the screws to be inserted on the nail holes.
Another drawback connected with the known technique is represented by the fact that during the fracture consolidation time, the nail, locked as it is through transverse screws, actually prevents any relative movement of the fractured bone fragments in the longitudinal direction. This is obviously a limitation of the known technique, in fact, since a moderate physiological absorption of the fractured parts takes usually place, a dynamic compaction is practically impossible. Therefore, the impossibility to bring the two bone fragments under dynamic load near each other prolongates the fracture consolidation time.
The U.S. Pat. No. 5,057,103 discloses a nail for long bones comprising a tubular body having in his interior an anchoring device which holds the lower part of the fractured bone permitting the compression of the parts of the fractured bone, but said kind of nail, per se, does not avoid the rotation and the shearing of said fractured parts.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention aims at eliminating the above mentioned drawbacks. One of the aims of the invention is the implementation of a new nail that should prevent the bone fragments from rotating, with no need to lock the nail itself by means of a series of transverse screws.
A further aim is the implementation of a nail provided with all the devices necessary to anchor the fragments. Though fixed to the fractured bone, said nail should not prevent the dynamic compaction of the fragments themselves when the limb is subjected to axial dynamic load, for example when the body weight rests on the limb itself.
Another goal of the invention is the implementation of a nail that can be easily removed from the bone inner cavity when this is necessary for any reason whatsoever.
The aims described above and others that will be better described herebelow are achieved through the implementation of an intramedullary nail.
To advantage, according to the invention the anchoring device positioned inside the intramedullary nail locks the distal fragment part by means of two or more hooks that come out of the intramedullary nail during the operation of the device. The intramedullary nail can be provided with one or more anchoring devices, for example two, depending on the type of fracture that must be treated.
As far as simple fractures (transverse, oblique, etc.) are concerned, only one anchoring device can be used inside the intramedullary nail and its action will involve the lower part of the fragment. The compaction of the two fragments is achieved through the action of the screw that rests against the bushing on the proximal end of the intramedullary nail. Said bushing, the body of which is coupled with the non-cylindrical part of the nail positioned inside the bone, rests on the outer surface of the bone by means of one or more lips, thus preventing the rotation of the two fragments and at the same time bringing the lower part of the fragment near the upper part, until obtaining their compaction. As will be better illustrated below, the fact that the bushing can slide with respect to the end of the intramedullary nail makes it possible to obtain the compaction of the fragment even during the
REFERENCES:
patent: 4632101 (1986-12-01), Freedland
patent: 4862883 (1989-09-01), Freeland
patent: 5057103 (1991-10-01), Davis
patent: 5810820 (1998-09-01), Santori et al.
Buiz Michael
Woo Julian W.
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