Internal combustion engine with supercharger of positive displac

Details Internal combustion engine with supercharger of positive displac Internal combustion engine with supercharger of positive displac

1991-01-22

1994-12-27

Koczo, Michael

Internal-combustion engines

Charge forming device

Supercharger

123 65B, F02B 3300

Patent

active

053755812

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention concerns an internal combustion engine with at least one charger of positive displacement design.


STATE OF THE ART

In an internal combustion machine of this type, known from DE-PS 416 222, which is formed as a two-stroke internal combustion engine with combustion chamber inlet at the cylinder head side and combustion chamber outlet at the cylinder foot side, a scavenging and charging pump cylinder is arranged above the engine cylinder. Between the two cylinders there is a common front wall, serving as a partition wall, which has a connection opening, through which the compression space of the scavenging and charging pump cylinder and the combustion space of the engine cylinder are connected with each other. Arranged in the connection opening is a self-activated valve, which is caused to close by a spiral spring and by the gas pressure in the combustion space. The pistons in the engine cylinder and in the pump cylinder work in essentially opposite strokes with a certain advance of the pump piston. A gear arranged outside the cylinder activates the pump piston from the engine crank shaft. The known internal combustion engine is expensive, has poor efficiency, and is not suitable for higher speeds of rotation and an operation satisfying modern demands with low emission of pollutants and good efficiency.
In another known internal combustion engine, a charging is provided by mechanically driven displacement chargers, which are fashioned as rotary piston chargers of Roots design, either in the case of two-stroke engines with combustion chamber inlet at the cylinder head or cylinder foot side of the combustion chamber or in the case of four-stroke engines (e.g., DE-PS 546 040, DE-PS 673 526, DE-AS 10 61 127, DE-AS 11 45 855). In addition to rotary piston chargers of the Roots design, rotary piston chargers are known as displacement chargers that are mechanically driven by the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine. These are fashioned as parallel and inner-axis trochoid rotary piston machines with inner and outer rotor, controlling the inflow and outflow openings of the charger itself (DE-OS 24 56 252, DE-PS 34 32 915, DE-Zeitschrift MTZ 1960, pages 33 to 45, DE-Zeitschrift MTZ 1986, pages 284, 285), or as parallel and outer-axis rotary piston machines with piston rotor and at least one shutting rotor (DE-OS 22 22 500, DE-OS 32 19 793, DE-OS 33 13 592, DE-Zeitschrift Mot 1983, Volume 1, pages 68 to 71). In the familiar internal combustion engines, the rotary piston charger is always arranged at a distance from the combustion space. The gas inlet into the combustion space is controlled either by the engine piston moving over the inlet slots or by separate gas exchange control elements, such as lift valves or cylindrical rotary valves. In U.S. Pat. No. 4,041,837 a Wankel device is provided for the charging with fresh gas, which is connected to the combustion space via long channels without the interposition of a gas exchange control element. Accordingly, it cannot be separated from the working space during the high pressure process, so that its inner parts are heated by the combustion gas. This has negative influence on the filling ratio, performance, and fuel consumption. Furthermore, a strong quench effect occurs at the walls of the connection channel, resulting in high emissions of hydrocarbons.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The primary purpose of the invention is to create an internal combustion engine of the type mentioned at the outset, which allows a good filling of the combustion space in a compact and simple layout with minor construction expense.
The solution to this problem is an internal combustion engine with at least one charger of positive displacement design. The charger is in constant driving connection with the engine crank shaft and has a charger housing that abuts on the engine cylinder, whose outlet opening forms the combustion space inlet opening. The combustion space inlet opening can be closed off by a gas exchange control element that is separate

REFERENCES:
patent: 1869787 (1932-08-01), Trumble
patent: 4041837 (1977-08-01), Weidlich

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