Internal-combustion engines – Charge forming device – Heating of combustible mixture
Patent
1983-06-15
1985-10-22
Lazarus, Ronald H.
Internal-combustion engines
Charge forming device
Heating of combustible mixture
123 25C, 123 25E, F02M 3100
Patent
active
045481873
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a method of running an internal combustion engine with alternative fuels, as high or low octane gasoline, paraffin, diesel oil, ethanol, methanol or similar fuels and/or mixtures thereof and combustible gases as LP-gas and the like with an unchanged compression ratio, wherein each of the cylinders can be fed with an extra medium besides the fuel needed for running the engine, said fuel being heated by the heat from the exhaust system. The invention also relates to a combustion engine capable of running with alternative fuels.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Today there is no possibility to use more or less all existing fuels in the same engine without changing the compression ratio.
In order to be able to use thicker oils in diesel engines it has previously been suggested to heat the fuel by the heat from the exhaust gases to achieve lower viscosity, whereby compression heat is consumed for vaporizing and combusting the oil. In this way a lower compression and/or higher power output and usage of thicker oil have been made possible.
It has also been suggested to heat the fuel before it enters the intake manifold, in order to reduce unpleasant discharge of exhaust gases at low engine speed.
With direct injection internal combustion engines it is further known to use preheated air for the intake-manifold at idling and low-load-condition. Attempts are made to achieve cleaner exhaust gases and lower fuel consumption at idling and low-load-condition in this way.
In previously known mechanically controlled gasoline injection systems the injection is performed continuously and needs no driving from the engine. The amount of fuel injected is regulated by the amount of air that is sucked into each cylinder.
All these known proposed improvements solve some minor problems, but none of them solve the problem of running an internal combustion engine, for example an Otto-engine, with a great number of alternative fuels.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of this invention is to provide a method of running an internal combustion engine with alternative fuels. With a regulating lever at the dashboard you can switch from one fuel to another, even if the engine has a high compression ratio and is a two-or four-stroke engine with conventional ignition system. The running of the engine will be non-detonating, provide improved fuel-economy, cleaner exhaust gases and will not shorten the life of the engine.
These objects have been achieved by proportioning and distributing the fuel to each motor cylinder in relation to the air sucked up, and by heating the fuel to a temperature between its flame temperature and above its evaporation temperature before entering the cylinder. The evaporated fuel is fed into the respective cylinder at a flat tangentional injection angle, and in the use of low octane fuel as an extra medium water, or a mixture of water and an antifreezing agent, is injected in a controlled amount at a steeper injection angle inside the path of the fuel.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view through a part of a cylinder head opposite the inlet valve in accordance with the invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross section taken on line II--II in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross section taken along the line III--III in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a front elevational view of the heat exchange assembly in the shape of a middle flange in a front view.
FIG. 5 is a schematic drawing of the engine and its fuel system;
FIG. 6 is an elevational, partly cross-sectional view of the feeding device according to the invention;
FIG. 7 is an end view of the feeding device togehter with the regulating unit;
FIG. 8 is a partly cross-sectional view of a heat-exchange-assembly in a V-engine;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of through a part of a cylinder head where the invention is applied in new production of an internal combustion engine;
REFERENCES:
patent: 1361503 (1920-12-01), Smith
patent: 1555991 (1925-10-01), Kunar
patent: 1632926 (1927-06-01), Scott
patent: 2150905 (1939-03-01), Belgau
patent: 2482864 (1949-09-01), Nemnich
patent: 3696795 (1972-10-01), Smith et al.
patent: 3762378 (1973-10-01), Bitonti
patent: 3933135 (1976-01-01), Zillman
patent: 4030453 (1977-06-01), Sugimoto
patent: 4040400 (1977-08-01), Kiener
patent: 4231333 (1980-11-01), Thatcher
Olsson Bertil
Olsson Gunnar
Olsson John
J-Jet Konstruktions
Lazarus Ronald H.
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