Internal combustion engine

Details Internal combustion engine Internal combustion engine

1994-05-02

1995-07-11

Dolinar, Andrew M.

Internal-combustion engines

Particular piston and enclosing cylinder construction

Cylinder head

F02F 1100, F02F 124

Patent

active

054311373

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention starts out from an internal combustion with at least one cylinder. The cylinder has a compression side opening closed off with a cylinder head that is fastened with bolts to the cylinder. A contact zone between the cylinder and the cylinder head is constructed in an annular fashion and lies within a circle fixed by anchoring points of the bolts in the cylinder.
An internal combustion engine with a cylinder head of lightweight construction is known from the German patent 348,632. By means of this, however, the cylinder head plate is not supported in any manner in the center. Due to the enormous pressures, which arise in modern engines, particularly in diesel engines, there can be deformation of the cylinder head plate with severe wear at the valve seats.
It is an object of the invention to provide an internal combustion engine, which avoids the disadvantages of the state of the art and, despite the lightweight construction, holds the cylinder head plate rigidly.
This objective is accomplished by the distinguishing characteristics of the main claim. The compression forces, which act on the center of the cylinder head plate, can be transferred in this way with the least possible expenditure of materials into the bolts. Due to the solid construction of the annular ring at the side of the cylinder head averted from the cylinder, a divergence of the fastening points is prevented even at high pressures. This occurs even if only four bolts are used per cylinder.
An annular support in the shape of a truncated cone distributes the load uniformly over the contact zone, so that there are no static shifts and so that no leaks can develop. In order to ensure the correct distribution of the contacting forces on the supporting part, which is in the form of a cone-shaped shell, and on the annular support, which is in the shape of a truncated cone, the bolts supports are connected only with the half of the cylinder head averted from the cylinder.
Since the solid annular ring connects the fastening points for the bolts in a statically stable ring, it is possible to forego an upper cover for the cylinder head. In this way, control parts for the valve shafts can be integrated already in the head and the overall height of the internal combustion engine can be reduced.
The inlet and exhaust ports can be designed so that they are disposed only on the side of the supporting part in the form of a cone-shaped shell, which is facing the cylinder. By these means, the static stability of the supporting part is interrupted only by the recesses for the valve shaft.
In order to uncouple the cylinder from the cylinder head and thus not necessarily transfer thermally caused deformations from one part to another, a supporting ring is provided, which prevents contact between the two parts. Advantageously, this supporting ring is constructed from a deformable material, such as steel, so that it can adapt itself appropriately.
This form-stiff sealing ring is used between the upper part of the cylinder and the cylinder head and has about the same wall thickness as the upper part of the cylinder. Expansion of the upper end of the cylinder by gas pressure is prevented by a conformation, which comprises the upper part of the cylinder. As a result, the gas tightness of the piston is improved already above the first piston ring. In addition, the cooling (oil cooling) of the supporting ring prevents the static and thermal expansion of the upper end of the cylinder, so that the forces are introduced from the cylinder head under constant conditions into the cylinder.
The invention is explained in greater detail by means of the drawings, in which
FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through an inventive cylinder head and cylinder,
FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the cylinder head of FIG. 1 and
FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section, similar to that of FIG. 1, in the area of the supporting ring.
In FIG. 1, the subsequent distribution of forces to the center of the cylinder head plate through force vector 2 and, over the annular support through force

REFERENCES:
patent: 4438734 (1984-03-01), Hayashi
patent: 5095868 (1992-03-01), Brighigna
patent: 5123385 (1992-06-01), Sado et al.
patent: 5150675 (1992-09-01), Murata

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