Internal combustion engine

Details Internal combustion engine Internal combustion engine

1988-12-05

1990-04-24

Wolfe, Willis R.

Internal-combustion engines

Combustion chamber means having fuel injection only

Using multiple injectors or injections

2395334, F02M 6104

Patent

active

049190938

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FILED

The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine and more particularly to an internal combustion engine including a fuel injection device.


BACKGROUND ART

In general, to assure that an internal combustion engine has an increased combustion efficiency and an increased output, it is required that it has an improved combustion matching. To have such an improved combustion matching, items required particularly for a fuel injection system are such that a period of time for injecting a required amount of fuel is shortened as far as possible and moreover uniformity of distribution of sprayed fuel in a combustion chamber is improved further.
Hitherto, a nozzle in the fuel injection device used for a conventional internal combustion engine, particularly for a conventional high speed diesel engine is usually so designed that a plurality of injection holes formed at the fore end part of the injection nozzle are arranged in a single row on the periphery of a circle of which center coincides with a center axis of the injection nozzle which has 4 to 6 injection holes formed thereon so that combustion matching and uniformity of distribution of injected fuel are improved. However, required performances fail to be attained at present.
To assure that a period of fuel injection time is shortened further to improve combustion matching with such a high speed diesel engine, it has been considered that respective injection holes formed at the fore end part of the injection nozzle should preferably have an enlarged diameter, in other words, have an increased total area. However, when the injection holes have an increased total area merely by enlarging their diameter, it has been found that a streaming force generated by fuel injection becomes excessively intense, then this causes fuel injection to be achieved in a deviated state on a periphery area of the combustion chamber and this leads to a high magnitude of fluctuation in distribution of injected fuel in the combustion chamber, resulting in a combustion efficiency being reduced adversely. Accordingly an excessively enlarged diameter of the respective injection holes can not contribute to improvement in combustion efficiency with the internal combustion engine and increase in output therefrom.
In addition, it has been considered that when the number of injection holes is increased without any increase in diameter thereof, their total area is likewise increased and this enables a period of fuel injection time to be shortened. However, when the number of injection holes is practically increased, it follows that a distance between adjacent injection holes is reduced and this causes overlapping to occur between successive spray injections even with a reduced intensity of swirl in the combustion chamber, resulting in a high magnitude of fluctuation in distribution of sprayed fuel appearing in the combustion chamber. Accordingly, the conventional internal combustion engine can not improve a combustion efficiency thereof and increase an output therefrom irrespective of how much the number of injection holes is immoderately increased.
On the other hand, with the foregoing circumstances in mind, the inventors have proposed a fuel injection nozzle under Japanese Utility Model Application NO. 195511/1982 of which purport consists in that an area assumed by injection holes is increased, depth of a cavity is determined more than that of a conventional non-swirl type combustion chamber and a period of fuel injection time is shortened as far as possible to improve uniformity of distribution of sprayed fuel in the combustion chamber.
The injection nozzle proposed under Japanese Utility Model Application NO. 195511/1982 is so designed that a plurality of injection holes are arranged in two upper and lower rows concentrically relative to the center axis of the injection nozzle, center axes of the radially extending injection holes in the upper row coincide with those in the lower row at a single position on the center axis of the injection nozzle and the injecti

REFERENCES:
patent: 4285471 (1981-08-01), Eblen et al.
patent: 4526323 (1985-07-01), Seifert
patent: 4546739 (1985-10-01), Nakajima et al.
patent: 4548172 (1985-10-01), Bailey
patent: 4733643 (1988-03-01), Ishida

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