Internal-combustion engines – Two-cycle – Whirl through piston-controlled ports
Patent
1996-03-15
1997-09-16
Okonsky, David A.
Internal-combustion engines
Two-cycle
Whirl through piston-controlled ports
123 70V, 1231936, F02B 3322
Patent
active
056669127
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to internal combustion engines.
TECHNICAL FIELD
There are two main types of internal combustion engines, these being generally referred to as reciprocating engines and rotary engines. A reciprocating engine generally consists of a cylinder or plurality of cylinders each of which houses a reciprocating piston with the cylinder and the piston being substantially circular in cross section. Each piston is connected by means of a piston pin through a connecting rod to a crank pin which forms part of a crank shaft. Reciprocal movement of the piston consequent upon the generation of pressure within the cylinder above the piston by combustion of gases is translated to rotatory movement by the crank shaft.
Reciprocating internal combustion engines can also be classified into two main classes, the petrol/gas engine and the oil engine. With petrol/gas engines, a highly volatile fuel such as petrol or a gas derived generally from petroleum products is mixed with air, compressed and electrically ignited within the combustion chamber. Such types of engines are generally known as spark ignition engines.
An oil engine utilizes a generally non-volatile fuel and after compressing air within a combustion chamber, the fuel is injected and the temperature of the air as a result of the compression is sufficient to ignite the fuel. This type of engine is generally known as a compression ignition engine.
Each of these two classes of engines can be further subdivided into either a four stroke cycle engine or a two stroke cycle engine. While the present invention specifically relates to a two stroke cycle petrol/gas engine, the principle of construction can be applied to any of the above types of engines as will be hereinafter apparent.
BACKGROUND ART
Two stroke spark ignition engines, although they are being constantly developed are recognised as suffering from the certain disadvantages, such as:
Excessive oil consumption. This is because it is necessary to mix oil with the petrol prior to carburation or to inject the lubricating oil directly into the induction port to provide adequate lubrication to the moving parts of the engine. Because only a small proportion of the oil within the petrol/oil mixture actually reaches the areas of the engine that require lubrication, more oil than would otherwise be necessary to ensure adequate lubrication must be mixed with the petrol. Consequently two stroke engines are prone to excessive exhaust pollution through smoke.
A further disadvantage results from the usual construction whereby the intake and exhaust of gases into and out of the cylinder is arranged through ports in the cylinder wall, with the ports being successively covered and uncovered during the reciprocating movement of the piston. To obtain adequate gas flow, the ports are necessarily comparatively large in area and this presents problems in excessive wear in both the piston rings and in the skirt of the piston below the piston rings.
A yet further disadvantage with the known porting arrangements is that the gas path through the cylinder area is difficult to optimise to obtain optimum combustion.
A still further disadvantage is that to obtain satisfactory scavenging of the combustion gases, the positioning of the transfer and exhaust ports has to be arranged so that a significant portion of the incoming charge is mixed with the outgoing combusted gases and this leads to inefficiencies.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a design of a reciprocating internal combustion engine which will minimise the above disadvantages or at least provide the public with a useful choice.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly one form of the invention may be said to comprise an internal combustion engine having an engine block which includes a combustion chamber, a boost chamber and a piston constrained to have rocking motion about a pivot axis within said engine block, wherein: sealing surface radially offset from said first arcuate sealing surface with both said sur
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Okonsky David A.
Pivotal Engineering Limited c/o Mace Engineering Ltd.
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