Internal-combustion engines – Four-cycle – Variable clearance
Patent
1983-09-28
1986-02-25
Cuchlinski, Jr., William A.
Internal-combustion engines
Four-cycle
Variable clearance
123190B, 123190BD, F02B 7504
Patent
active
045721165
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to an internal combustion (IC) engine with at least one chamber where there is a moving working member via which a gaseous working medium is compressed, and after the supply of heat executes work, at least one inlet valve and at least one outlet valve and a device for regulating compression.
In IC engines the inflow and outflow are usually controlled with the aid of port or mushroom valves which open and close at predetermined crank shaft positions, independent of the current load to which the engine is subjected, while the flow is varied with the aid of a constricting means in the inlet. This leads to varying compression pressure at varying load, with consequent difficulty in obtaining good efficiency. Attempts have therefore been made to control the compression with the aid of a compression regulation device in a more favourable way, thereby to improve the efficiency, but the efficiency will still vary greatly for different degrees of load as a result of difficulties in obtaining a flow of air through the engine which is optimum for varying loads.
The object of the invention is to eliminate said disadvantages and enable better control of the flow through an IC engine.
This is achieved in accordance with the invention in that upstream of the inlet valve there is an inlet channel and therein a regulating valve adapted for being open only during a portion of the motion cycle of the working member. To advantage, there is incorporated in the regulating valve a valve body rotatable in a valve housing and provided with at least one inlet passage, the speed of rotation (rpm) of which is proportional to the rpm of the engine crank shaft.
By utilizing a regulating valve in accordance with the invention, in combination with conventional valves, there is enabled more accurate regulation of the flow through the engine than was possible earlier, so that better efficiency can be obtained.
The invention will now be described in detail with the aid of an embodiment illustrated on the appended drawing, where
FIG. 1 illustrates a first embodiment of an IC engine in accordance with the invention, provided with a first embodiment of a regulating valve,
FIG. 2 is a valve diagram for the engine in FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 is a section along the line III--III in FIG. 4, through a second embodiment of a regulating valve,
FIG. 4 is a section along the line IV--IV in FIG. 3,
FIGS. 5a-h schematically illustrate the function of a second embodiment of an engine in accordance with the invention, equipped with a regulating valve according to FIGS. 3 and 4,
FIG. 6 is a valve diagram for the engine in FIG. 5,
FIGS. 7a-f illustrates a still further embodiment of an engine in accordance with the invention, provided with a still further type of regulating valve,
FIG. 8 is a valve diagram for the engine in FIG. 7,
FIG. 9 is a longitudinal section through a regulating valve in the engine in FIG. 7,
FIG. 10 schematically illustrates an engine of the same type as in FIG. 7, but with a modified regulating valve,
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a portion of a regulating valve according to FIG. 10,
FIG. 12 illustrates a variant of the embodiment in FIG. 11,
FIG. 13 schematically illustrates an engine with a regulating valve according to FIG. 12, and
FIG. 14 is a valve diagram for the engine in FIG. 13.
A four-stroke-type IC engine 1, only partially indicated in FIG. 1, has one or more chambers 2, of which only one is illustrated in the Figure. In each such chamber there is a working member 3 implemented as a reciprocating piston, this piston being depicted on the drawing between its top and bottom dead centres, on its way down. Flow into the chamber 2 is controlled by an inlet valve 4 and the flow out from the chamber by an outlet valve 5.
For regulating the compression there is a device 6, e.g. of the type described in the international patent application PCT/SE 82/00275, where a piston 7 is settable to a desired position.
Upstream of the inlet valve 4, in an inlet channel 8, there is a regulating valve 9, with the aid of which it is
REFERENCES:
patent: 1521077 (1924-12-01), Clegg
patent: 1574971 (1926-03-01), Horvath
patent: 3948227 (1976-04-01), Guenther
patent: 3970056 (1976-07-01), Morris
patent: 4075986 (1978-02-01), Keck
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