Pumps – Expansible chamber type – Plural pumping chambers
Patent
1997-07-16
1999-03-09
Thorpe, Timothy S.
Pumps
Expansible chamber type
Plural pumping chambers
417534, 74 50, 921711, F04B 100
Patent
active
058791450
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a compressor for compressing a working medium, particularly for generating compressed air, having at least one piston which can be moved back and forth in a working space for compressing the working medium, having a driving device for moving the piston back and forth and having a feeding device and a discharging device for feeding and discharging the working medium, a slider crank drive being provided as the driving device.
Compressible substances, such as gases or vapors, are used as working media, in which case air us usually compressed in conventional compressors. This compressed air is used, for example, in trucks as a transmitting medium in braking devices.
A plurality of plunger piston compressors having a crank connecting-rod drive are known. These compressors operate according to the crankshaft drive principle and normally are lubricated with oil. Because of the swinging motion of the connecting rod, it is difficult in the case of these compressors to seal off the working space with respect to the crank space. For this reason, oil leakage will reach the working space past the piston rings and will result in an oil coking particularly at the outlet valve. As a respective countermeasure, cooling devices are required in the conventional compressors. By these cooling devices, the air temperature and the component temperature is reduced and the extent of the oil coking is therefore also reduced. However, the requirement of a cooling system, which is usually constructed as a water or air cooling system, causes considerable manufacturing cost and a large space requirement.
The manufacturing costs are further increased because of the necessity of avoiding additional heating of the suction-in air by the compressed air to be discharged. The warmer the suction-in air, the lower the volumetric efficiency of the compressor because of the volume expansion of the working medium resulting from the rise in temperature. Therefore the largest possible constructional separation of the feeding and discharging pipes for the working medium is desired.
Another disadvantage of the conventional compressors consisting of these one-stage compressors is the low volumetric efficiency. This volumetric efficiency is limited by the re-expanding damage volume from the dead spaces, the high intake valve resistances as a result of the required stability of the valve with respect to pressure, and the heating of the air by the hot outlet air also guided in the cylinder head.
The conventional plunger piston compressors with the crank connecting-rod drive therefore result in considerable manufacturing costs, a large number of components and a large space requirement. In addition, for example, a positional change of the inlet connection usually requires a complete new constructive design of the compressor because the guiding of the inlet and outlet pipes as well as of the cooling pipes must be precisely adapted to one another because of the developing heat.
In the prior art, it is known to use slider crank drives for internal-combustion engines. Thus, for example, German Patent Document DE 32 18 311 C2 shows a slider crank drive which is provided particularly for a two-stroke internal-combustion engine which is operable also without an oil lubrication.
Furthermore, from German Patent Document DE 34 47 663 A1, a multi-cylinder internal-combustion piston engine is known in the case of which the translation into a rotating movement takes place by a slider crank drive.
Another embodiment of such a slider crank drive is described in German Patent Document DE 43 07 205 A1. With respect to the precise operating principle and with respect to the method of operation of the slider crank drive, reference is therefore made to the full contents of the above-mentioned documents.
Therefore, the slider crank drive has the advantage that the rotating movement of a crankshaft is converted into a pure longitudinal movement of the pistons. This permits a secure sealing off of the sliding surface between the piston shaft and the beari
REFERENCES:
patent: 1266595 (1918-05-01), Pullinger
patent: 2229545 (1941-01-01), Beckstrom
patent: 5252045 (1993-10-01), Shinoto et al.
Knorr-Bremse Systems Fur Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH
Thorpe Timothy S.
Tyler Cheryl J.
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