Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture – Methods – Surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
Patent
1995-02-27
1997-10-07
Zirker, Daniel
Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
Methods
Surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
156185, 1563077, 310 43, 310 45, 310179, 428343, 174110R, B65H 8100, B32B 3126, B32B 712
Patent
active
056743408
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the use of an insulating tape for insulating first insulation class windings of electric machines with the insulating tape, consisting of a support material, an electric breakdown-resistant material, and a thermoplastic adhesive, impregnated with a resin and subsequently hardened.
Such an insulating tape is disclosed, for example, in German Auslegeschrift Patent Document No. 12 73 647. A greater mechanical strength and better electric breakdown resistance should be achieved, however, according to the German Auslegeschrift, through the use of a vulcanizable adhesive.
German Patent Document No. 89 05 612.4 discloses an insulating tape with a thermoplastic adhesive consisting of a polyether sulfone or a polyether imide. The disadvantage of these thermoplastic materials is that they must be either heated to a high temperature in order to be applied on the tape or dissolved in special solvents in order to be sprayed on the tape.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,695,984 and 3,586,557 disclose a process of using a thermoplastic adhesive in the form of a foil for an insulating tape. In these patents, a foil is used, which after being wound on a conductor, contracts when heated, so that openings are formed for the passage of an impregnating resin between the different layers of the insulating tape.
German Offenlegungsschrift Patent Document No. 31 21 725 discloses the use of different thermoplastic materials in the form of foils as insulating layers between the windings of an electrical machine is known. There the thermoplastic foil itself forms the insulating medium; therefore no additional mica layer is provided. Polyamide, polyimide and polyester materials, for example, are proposed.
It is, however, expressly emphasized in German Patent Document No. 31 21 725 that, when selecting the appropriate thermoplastic foil for an electric machine, the heat resistance of the foil material must be selected according to the insulation class of the machine to be insulated.
European Patent Document No. EP 0 012 566 discloses at page 2, lines 1 through 34, a silicone resin adhesive for an insulation class H (>180.degree. C.) insulating tape. This reference discloses that the heat resistance of the insulating tape is insufficient when a solvent-free silicone resin is used.
The required heat resistance is only achieved in European Patent Document No. EP 0 012 566 by using a silicone resin with hydroxyl groups as an adhesive, since the adhesive itself (see p. 2, line 20 of EP 0 012 566) has the required heat resistance due to its siloxane bonds. Thus such a special high-temperature-resistant silicone resin prevents the winding from delaminating due to mechanical changes in the adhesive, or degassing.
Swiss Patent Document No. 493070 discloses (see Description Introduction, col. 1 to col. 2, line 2) that thermoplastic adhesives (bonding agents) warm up and soften during the operation of electric machine, which causes its insulation to swell and its dielectric properties to deteriorate.
Thus both thermoplastic and non-thermoplastic adhesives are known from the literature for use in insulating tapes for the windings of electric machines. It is furthermore known that the adhesives themselves should have sufficient heat stability at the temperature at which the electric machine should operate.
Nevertheless, since, on the one hand, silicone resins are expensive and, on the other hand, thermoplastic materials with very high continued use temperatures are difficult to process (high processing temperatures, vapors with possibly harmful physiological effects, brittleness), a problem consists of providing an adhesive that is inexpensive and simple to process and yet yields a high-temperature resistant winding insulation that is protected against delamination. A good adhesive action at the eventual operating temperature of the electric machine is not essential.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
"Delaminating" is defined in this context as the deterioration of the mechanical and dielectric properties
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patent: 5079077 (1992-01-01), Sakayanagi et al.
patent: 5099159 (1992-03-01), Liptak et al.
patent: 5158826 (1992-10-01), Ihlein et al.
Olbrich Irene
Swiatkowski Gernot
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Zirker Daniel
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