Electric heating – Heating devices – Combined with container – enclosure – or support for material...
Patent
1974-01-25
1976-04-20
Bartis, A.
Electric heating
Heating devices
Combined with container, enclosure, or support for material...
219307, 219331, 219381, 219486, 219501, 338269, 307118, H05B 102, H05B 378, F24H 110
Patent
active
039521826
ABSTRACT:
A miniature electric fluid immersion heater adapted for instantaneously heating relatively small bodies or flow increments of fluid to a predetermined temperature. The heater is particularly adaptable to be mounted immediately in advance of a hot water faucet in a home or building so as to provide a continuous flow of instantaneously heated water and thereby eliminate the standard hot water heater and the entire hot water piping system in the building. The heater comprises a small, cylindrical, thermally insulated pressure vessel having a fluid inlet and outlet as opposite ends. A series of individually actuated electrical heating elements are positioned within the vessel so as to be in intimate physical contact with the flowing fluid. The heating elements are constructed of a heavy gauge resistance element which is thinly coated with a glass or ceramic frit fused into an impervious, chemically resistant, electrically non-conductive coating having negligible thermal insulation and heat storage capabilities. The wire and coating preferably have matched thermal expansion characteristics so as to minimize stress on the coating. A control circuit for selectively activating the individual heating elements delivers electrical energy automatically responsive to demand. A flow sensor prevents the activation of the majority of the heating elements unless there is a flow of fluid through the heater. When a flow is present, the amount of electrical energy transferred to the fluid as it flows through the heater is controlled by automatic separate activation of the respective elements within the heater, the number of activated elements and their periods of activation being just sufficient to maintain a predetermined fluid temperature at the heater outlet.
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