Gas and liquid contact apparatus – Fluid distribution – Systems
Patent
1984-11-30
1986-05-13
Chiesa, Richard L.
Gas and liquid contact apparatus
Fluid distribution
Systems
55223, 55227, 55256, 261 36R, 261 72R, 261115, 261119R, 261121R, B01F 304
Patent
active
045885354
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD AND BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a device for treating combustion gases from combustion units, comprising a vessel, a supply duct for the combustion gases, an exhaust duct for the treated combustion gases, washing liquid provided at two different filling levels in the lower part of the vessel, with the end of the supply duct being dipped into the washing liquid as long as the liquid is at its maximum filling level, and being spaced therefrom if the liquid is at its minimum filling level, and downwardly directed spray nozzles in the upper part of the vessel, with the washing liquid discharged through the nozzles crossing the flow path of the combustion gases.
A device of this kind separating primarily solid particles from smoke may be learned from German Pat. No. 51896, for example. Waste gases, particularly from industrial plants, are directed through or close over the washing liquid, or sprinkled with washing liquid from sprinkling heads, whereby the solid particles are separated from the gaseous ones. Depending on the nature of the liquid, which may be water or an organic solvent, gaseous components of the smoke also may dissolve. The smoke gases flow through the upper part of the vessel without being guided, so that the solvent effect on gaseous components by the washing liquid discharged from the sprinkling heads is not particularly strong. No shutoff mechanism is provided within the device which would prevent the smoke gases from passing therethrough.
To separate solid particles from a gas stream,, it is further known, from Austrian Pat. No. 285552, to direct the gas stream through a cylindrical tube through which the discharge duct extends coaxially. The annular space thus formed accommodates downwardly directed spray nozzles which are skirted by the gases flowing downwardly and an annular venturi nozzle is provided below the spray nozzles, effecting the separation of the solid matter. Here again, no flow lock is provided within the device.
Finally, Swiss Pat. No. 463679 discloses a flue gas washing plant comprising a vessel with a washing liquid, where the flow gases escape from a supply tube having its outlet end below the water surface, and are taken by suction through the washing unit by means of an exhauster mounted in the outlet duct. The passage of the flue gases is interrupted by switching off the exhauster.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention is directed to a further development of a device of the above mentioned kind, permitting the improvement of the separation from the combustion gases of gaseous components which are soluble in the washing liquid, and also providing a simple passage lock within the device.
In accordance with the invention, this is obtained by providing in the middle part of the vessel at least one duct, preferably a plurality of ducts extending side by side and communicating with each other through flow passages, with the cross sectional area of the upper end of each of the ducts being completely filled with spray nozzles, and further providing a storage space above the duct or ducts, into which each of the ducts opens and which has a volume corresponding to at least the liquid volume between the two filling levels in the lower part of the vessel, and a connecting line between the lower part of the vessel and the storage space, in which a circulating pump is mounted, with the delivery of the circulating pump per unit time being at least equal to the total amount of washing liquid flowing through all the spray nozzles when the storage space is completely filled.
With the device at rest at a standstill of the combustion unit, in which state the washing liquid reaches its maximum filling level in the vessel, the end of the supply duct is dipped into the washing liquid, whereby a passage lock is formed interrupting the continuous draft through the combustion unit, so that the cooling of this unit is substantially slowed down. If now the combustion unit is put in operation, the circulating pump is also switched on, so that washing liquid is
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patent: 3585786 (1971-06-01), Hardison
patent: 3993448 (1976-11-01), Lowery, Sr.
patent: 4005999 (1977-02-01), Carlson
patent: 4039307 (1977-08-01), Bondor
patent: 4312317 (1982-01-01), Jewett et al.
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