Textiles: manufacturing – Textile product fabrication or treatment – Fiber entangling and interlocking
Patent
1997-03-05
1998-03-17
Vanatta, Amy B.
Textiles: manufacturing
Textile product fabrication or treatment
Fiber entangling and interlocking
28103, 28167, D04H 170
Patent
active
057272921
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improvement made to installations allowing production of nonwoven fibrous webs, the cohesion of which is obtained by entangling the fibers in the thickness of said web by virtue of the action of fluid jets, and more particularly pressurized-water jets.
It was proposed a long time ago, as emerges from U.S. Pat. No. 3,214,819 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,508,308, to produce nonwoven textile webs in which the cohesion is given by the mutual interlacing of the elementary fibers, which interlacing is obtained by the action of pressurized-water jets which act on the fibrous structure in the manner of needles and allow some of the fibers making up the web to be reoriented into the thickness direction.
Such technology has now been extensively developed and is used not only to produce nonwoven fabrics for textile use, such as, in particular, for applications in medical or hospital fields, the field of wiping, of filtration, of envelopes for teabags, etc., but also for producing minute perforations in continuous supports, such as papers, cards, films, or even sheets of plastic or other materials, it being optionally possible for the articles obtained to have patterns in the form of hollows or raised areas, as emerges, in particular, from FR-A-2,068,676, FR-A-2,536,432 and EP-A-0,400,249.
Thus, as emerges from U.S. Pat. No. 3,214,819 which, to the knowledge of the Applicant, is the basic patent on this technology, the action of the water jets may be exerted in various ways on the article which is being treated, either, for example, on only one side of, it or successively on the two sides. However, the teachings provided by this document are essentially theoretical and the information given regarding the practical treatment conditions do not allow satisfactory industrial production. Thus, when it is envisaged to achieve bonding by acting alternately on one side and then the other, one of the steps in the treatment is performed through the fabric supporting the fibrous web. Such a way of operating results in very high absorption of the energy of the water jets by the supporting fabric, when it opposes the passage of said jets, as well as in disbonding of the fibrous structure from the surface of said supporting fabric, the jets pushing the fibrous structure back, causing the latter to elongate and creases to be formed.
Given these drawbacks, the installations proposed hitherto for carrying out a treatment on both sides of the basic product are of the type described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,508,308 (see, in particular, FIGS. 7 and 8 and the corresponding description) and are designed so that the fibrous base structure passes through a succession of interlacing zones proper, each consisting of a rotating perforated roll combined with a plurality of injectors (three successive injection rails for each rotating roll in the example illustrated) which make it possible, first of all, to act on one side of the product, then, by virtue of turning means provided between two successive rolls, to act thereafter on the reverse side and, optionally, to perform a third treatment on the right side before drying and taking up the product produced.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In general, the successive injection rails are set at different pressures depending on the articles to be produced, this pressure generally being between 300 and 100 bar or more.
However, such installations, which are satisfactory from the practical standpoint, have a number of drawbacks, among which may be mentioned: one side to be carried out at a reduced pressure in order to prevent the fibers from emerging on the other side and creating defects; this is because, if the pressure is high, the fibers on the nonbonded side have a tendency to penetrate into the supporting fabric of the first roll; it is therefore necessary, in order to compensate for the lesser bonding effectiveness resulting from this reduced pressure, to increase the number of treatment injection rails (usually denoted by the term "injectors"), the
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ICBT Perfojet
Vanatta Amy B.
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