Fire extinguishers – Special applications
Patent
1994-12-06
1997-11-18
Hoge, Gary C.
Fire extinguishers
Special applications
169 16, 169 37, 169 91, 2394285, 454342, A62C 3558
Patent
active
056877960
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to an installation for fighting fire, comprising at least one sprinkler, or spray head, in connection with a monitored space,
In most kinds of fires the generation of smoke causes extensive damages and losses of human lives, especially in apartment fires and fires in hotel rooms and in ship cabins.
The object of the invention is to provide a new installation for fighting fire, which better than earlier known installations is capable of restricting damages caused by smoke generation.
The installation according to the invention is mainly characterized in that said at least one sprinkler or spray head is arranged to upon activation create a suction, by spraying liquid at a high drive pressure in the form of small droplets, like a fog, out of the monitored space.
Such sprinklers or spray heads are presented in the international patent application PCT/FI92/00155. By a high drive pressure is here meant a pressure range of about 20 bar to about 200 bar, as compared to about 6 bar to 10 bar for conventional sprinkler installations. The diameter of the droplets are typically within the range 50-150 microns.
Said at least one sprinkler or spray head is preferably governed by a smoke detector, in order to suck out smoke at the very beginning of a fire, even before actual fire extinguishing has been commenced.
In one preferred embodiment said at least one sprinkler is arranged in an opening from an air passage into the monitored space, and said air passage comprises at least one second opening into the monitored space, so that the sprinkler or spray head, when activated, produces a suction from the monitored space through said at least one second opening into said air passage.
When the sprinkler or spray head is activated after a fire has started, a suction is produced in said air passage, e.g an air channel, so that smoke generated by the fire is sucked into the channel via said at least one second opening and flows through the channel and out at the sprinkler or spray head, the smoke thus being intermixed with the extinguishing liquid. The smoke is thereby cooled and at least partly washed by the extinguishing liquid.
The purifying of the smoke gases can be effectivated by arranging a filter in the air channel.
Said air channel can communicate with a ventilation channel provided with a fire damper arranged to close the ventilation channel when the spray head is activated.
To utilize ordinary ventilation ducts for exhaustion of smoke may be of advantage in particular in ships and hotels. A spray head, preferably governed by a smoke detector, can be mounted in the toilet wall and directed into the toilet which usually is provided with a ventilation duct having a certain suction out.
In the following the invention shall be described with reference to exemplifying embodiments shown in the attached drawing.
FIGS. 1 and 2 show a basic embodiment of the invention, in connection with a ship cabin.
FIGS. 3 and 4 show one preferred embodiment of the invention, in combination with a ventilation channel, in connection with a ship cabin.
FIGS. 5 and 6 show a second alternative embodiment of the invention, in combination with a ventilation channel, in connection with a ship cabin.
FIG. 7 shows an embodiment intended for larger spaces, e.g. a car deck in a ship.
FIGS. 8 and 9 show a third preferred alternative embodiment of the invention, in connection with a ship cabin.
FIGS. 10 and 11 show a fourth preferred alternative embodiment of the invention, in connection with a ship cabin.
FIGS. 12 and 13 illustrate two basic embodiments of the invention, for use in a ceiling and in a floor, respectively.
FIGS. 14 and 15 show two embodiments of the invention in which the smoke gases are from a cabin or room.
FIGS. 16 and 17 two adaptations for exhausting smoke gases.
FIGS. 18 and 19 show in more detail a further embodiment of the invention.
FIGS. 20 and 21 show two versions for similar purpose as in FIGS. 18 and 19.
FIGS. 22, 23 and 24 show three additional alternative embodiments of the invention, in connec
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