Liquid purification or separation – Processes – Ion exchange or selective sorption
Patent
1987-04-22
1989-07-04
Fisher, Richard V.
Liquid purification or separation
Processes
Ion exchange or selective sorption
210747, 210751, 210739, 210 961, 210170, 210188, 405128, 405263, 175 50, 252628, 252631, B01D 1712
Patent
active
048448079
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
Many of the hazardous waste impoundments encountered are relatively old, and records of the identity of the toxic components therein and the location thereof in the impoundment are often incomplete or non existent. Likewise, due to the age of the impoundment the location of solid objects such as drums, barrels and tanks therein may be unknown. In such an impoundment toxic organic compounds may have reacted over a period of time to form toxic gaseous compounds of a highly objectionable odor that are under pressure and are beginning to off gas from the impoundment.
Hazardous waste impoundments as above described are a health hazard for the upper portions thereof exposed to the sun become dry and dusty and particles thereof tend to become airborne due to the action of the wind. Such air borne particles are particularly hazardous if the impoundment is one that contains radioactive material and is emitting radon gas. In addition, toxic compounds tend to leach out from the impoundment over a period of time and contaminate the water table. The same health hazard prevails when the hazardous toxic waste is stock piled on the ground surface.
Various remedial actions have been proposed and used in the past, but are unsatisfactory from a health standpoint due to either the unreliability thereof, the excavating and hauling of the hazardous waste, or the long period of time required to detoxify the impoundment by land farming which is accomplished by the use of micro-organisms.
A common expedient in the past has been to form downwardly extending isolation walls around the periphery of the impoundment from concrete or bentonite, but due to the concrete or bentonite being mixed with untreated soil there is no certainty that porous windows or actual openings will not form in the wall to permit toxic material from the impoundment to migrate therethrough.
Excavation and hauling is unsatisfactory in that it involves mechanical movement of the impoundment with the release of dust and toxic gases therefrom to the ambient atmosphere, and the hauling of toxic material from a first site to a second site without treatment, and with the ever present danger that it may be inadvertently spilled when being so transported. Excavation further permits out gassing of toxic fumes from the impoundment to contaminate the ambient atmosphere.
A major object of the present invention is to provide an insitu method of treating and detoxifying hazardous toxic waste that is randomly distributed over a geographical area and varies both as to the identity of the toxic components therein, the concentration thereof, and the depth they are located below the ground surface, and such treatment not contaminating the ambient atmosphere.
Another object of the insitu method of detoxifying is to provide one that is relatively rapid in carrying out, and is free of the operational disadvantages of prior art remedial actions previously described.
A further object of the insitu method of detoxifying is to supply a method that is free from the hazard of hauling toxic material over a public highway, and one that is particularly effective in treating impoundments containing radioactive material to minimize the escape of radon therefrom.
Yet another object of the insitu method of the present invention is the flexibility of the use thereof, permitting either the detoxification of the entire impoundment, the forming of a barrier wall therearound, or a liner that extends downwardly and under the impoundment.
A still further object of the invention is to provide a first form of apparatus that is movable and detoxifies a hazardous waste impoundment by carrying out the insitu detoxifying method at a succession of overlapping stations thereon.
Another object of the invention is to provide a first modified form of the detoxifying apparatus that is mounted on a base and occupies a stationary position adjacent an above ground stock pile of hazardous waste material or newly generated hazardous waste for the detoxifying of the latter.
A further object
REFERENCES:
patent: 4376598 (1983-03-01), Brouns et al.
patent: 4611950 (1986-09-01), Russomano
patent: 4715965 (1987-12-01), Sigerson et al.
patent: 4758355 (1988-07-01), Levine
Manchak, Insitu Waste Impoundment Treating Apparatus and Method of Using Same, Int. Pub. No. WO86/01439, 13 Mar. 86.
Drodge Joseph
Fisher Richard V.
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