Insecticidal plectoxins from plectreurys tristis

Details Insecticidal plectoxins from plectreurys tristis Insecticidal plectoxins from plectreurys tristis

1995-04-25

2001-07-24

Patterson, Jr., Charles L. (Department: 1652)

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Designated organic active ingredient containing

Peptide containing doai

C514S002600, C530S324000, C530S325000, C530S300000, C530S350000, C530S858000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06265376

ABSTRACT:

This invention relates to insecticidal plectoxins from the Primitive Hunting Spider,
Plectreurys tristis
, their nucleic acid and amino acid sequences, vectors containing the plectoxin genes, viruses containing the genes, and use of these plectoxins to control insects.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In recent years, venoms of arachnids, in particular spiders and scorpions, have been investigated as a potential source of biologically active substances for use in various fields such as medicine and agriculture. Examples of such work include:
EP Patent Application, Publ. No. 208 523 A2: Glutamate Antagonists Isolated from New World Spiders
Argiope trifasciata
and
Araneus gemma.
EP Patent Application, Publ No. 156 540: Glutamate Receptor Inhibitor obtained from
Nephila clavata.
Grishin et al., 1986. “Ion Channel Blocker from the Venom of
Areiope lobata” Biorg. Khim.
12(8):1121-1124.
Usherwood et al., 1984. “Glutamate Channel Blockade by Venoms of
Argiope trifasciata
and
Araneus gemma” J. Physiol. Paris
79:241-245.
Aramaki et al. 1986. “Glutamate Potential Suppressor from
Nephila clavata
and
Nerhila maculata” Proc. Japan Acad.
62, Ser B:359-362.
Usherwood et al., 1985. “Antagonism of Glutamate Receptor Channel Complexes by Spider Venom Polypeptides”
Neurotoxicology
6(2):239-250.
Adams et al. 1986. “Synaptic Toxins from
Agelenopsis aptera” Insect Neurophysiology
, Borkovec et al., Eds. Humana Press, Clifton, N.J. 397-408.
The active principles isolated to date, however have usually been either complex polypeptides which are unsuited for medical and agricultural uses or have had activity levels too low to be of commercial interest.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
It has now been found that certain polypeptides when isolated from the venom of the Primitive Hunting Spider,
Plectreurys tristis
, or polypeptides constructed to show substantial sequence homology to those isolated from the venom of
Plectreurys tristis
, are toxic, i.e. paralytic and/or lethal to insects, particularly of the order Lepidoptera, at surprisingly low concentrations. These polypeptides have been termed “Plectoxins”.
The present invention, therefore, concerns plectoxins free from associated arachnoidal polypeptides which demonstrate toxicity towards insects. These polypeptides may be isolated from, or show substantial sequence homology to polypeptides isolated from the venom of
Plectreurys tristis.


REFERENCES:
patent: 4745051 (1988-05-01), Smith et al.
patent: 5041379 (1991-08-01), Fraser et al.
patent: 5051403 (1991-09-01), Miljanich et al.
patent: 0 374 940 (1990-06-01), None
Branton et al. “Fatty Acylated Toxin Structure”. Nature 365: 498-499, 1993.*
Branton et al. “Neurotoxins from Plectreurys spider venom are potent presynaptic blockers in Drosphila”. J. Neurosci. 7(12)4195-4200, 1987.*
Stewart et al., “Construction of an Improved Baculovirus Insecticide Containing an Insect Specific Toxin Gene”, Nature, V352, pp. 85-88, Jul. 1991.
Jackson et al., 1986 “Effects of Spider Venoms on Transmission Mediated by Non-N-Methyl-D-Asparate Receptors”,Excitatory Amino Acid Transmission, Hicks et al., Eds., Alan R. Liss, Inc., NY 51 -54.

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