Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Phosphorus containing other than solely as part of an...
Reexamination Certificate
1999-06-01
2001-11-13
Robinson, Allen J. (Department: 1616)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Phosphorus containing other than solely as part of an...
C514S427000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06316430
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to insecticidal and miticidal compositions which can be effectively applied in the agrohorticultural field. In more detail, it relates to insecticidal and miticidal compositions which contain two or more active ingredients and are especially effective against pests and mites which have acquired resistance to commercial insecticidal and miticidal agents.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
4-Bromo-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(ethoxymethyl) -5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrrole-3-carbonitrile (hereinafter referred to as chlorfenapyr), which is an active ingredient of the insecticidal and miticidal composition of the invention, is known to be effective against insects such as Hemiptera pests such as leafhoppers (
Dolto cephalidae
), Lepidoptera pests such as diamond back moth (
Plutella xylostella
), common cutworm (
Spodoptera litura
) and apple leafminer (
Phyllonorycter ringoniella
) and Thysanoptera pests such as
Thrips palmi
and yellow tea thrips (
Spirtothrips dorsalis
) and agrohorticultural pests such as mites such as two-spotted spider mite (
Tetranychus urticae koch
), Kanzawa spider mite (
Tetranychus kanzawai kishida
) and
Aculops pelekassi
[Japanese Laid-open (Kokai) Patent Publication No. 104042/89].
The second active ingredient of the insecticidal and miticidal composition of the invention includes one or more of the organophosphoric acid ester-type compounds which are known to be effective insecticidal and miticidal agents against agrohorticultural pests such as Hemiptera, Lepidoptera and Coleoptera insects and mites, and fungicidal agents against blast and soil born diseases of paddy rice.
Although insecticidal and miticidal agents have been developed in order to control various pests such as agrohorticultural pests or hygienic pests and in practice have been used as a single or a mixed agent, pests which have acquired resistance against various agents have been appearing as a result or the repeated use of these agents.
In particular, important economic pests in agrohorticulture such as spider mites (Tetranychidae), which have a propensity to easily develop resistance against pesticidal agents due to their ability to deposit large numbers of eggs and produce large numbers of generations which, themselves, require only a few days for development are of great concern. Resistance development in this pest family is also favored by a high mutation rate and frequent inbreeding, due to minimal migration. For these reasons, two-spotted spider mite (
Tetranychus urticae koch
), Kanzawa spider mite (
Tetranychus kanzawai kishida
),
Aculops pelekassi,
and the like have acquired resistance, to some degree, against almost all existing pesticidal agents. Therefore, in order to prevent and control the damage caused by spider mites, development of a new insecticidal and miticidal agent which shows a high effect against spider mites which have acquired resistance against the conventional miticidal agents is highly desirable.
However, to obtain an insecticidal and miticidal composition which shows no cross-resistance with existing insecticidal and miticidal agents, has no toxicity problems and has little negative impact on the environment, is extremely difficult. Therefore, a means to delay or prevent the development of resistant strains of pest species is always being sought. In order to apply an effective agent as long as possible, a rotational application of agents with different mechanisms of action is adopted for good pest management practice.
However, this approach does not necessarily give satisfactory pest control. Therefore, after a resistance problem has occurred, a countermeasure to resistance by combining insecticidal and miticidal agents has been studied. However, a high synergistic action has not always been found.
Therefore, it is an object of this invention to provide an insecticidal and miticidal composition which demonstrates a high controlling effect even against spider mites which have acquired resistance against chlorfenapyr.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In order to establish a countermeasure to a resistance problem in spider mites against chlorfenapyr before such a problem occurs, the synergistic action with the existing insecticidal, miticidal and fungicidal agents was studied using resistant species which have been artificially established in the laboratory by selecting spider mites which have been treated with chlorfenapyr. Thus, it has now been found that an insecticidal and miticidal composition which contains as active ingredient chlorfenapyr in combination with at least one of the designated organophosphoric acid ester-type compounds shows a joint action or synergistic effect which could not be foreseen from each individual ingredient alone.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The insecticidal and miticidal composition of the invention is particularly effective for the control of spider mites such as two-spotted spider mites (
Tetranychus urticae koch
).
Tetranychus cinnabarinus
(Boisduval), Kanzawa spider mite (
Tetranychus kanzawai kishida
), hawthorn spider mite (
Tetranychus viennensis zacher
), and the like.
Advantageously, the insecticidal and miticidal composition of the invention shows not only a synergistic miticidal effect against the above-mentioned spider mites, but also demonstrates simultaneous control of troublesome pests such as leafroller moths (Tortricidae), Carposinidae, leafminer moths (Lyonetiidae), plant bugs (Pentatomidae), aphids (Aphididae), leafhoppers (Deltociphalidae), Coccinea, thrips (Thripidae), diamond back moths (
Plutella xylostella
),
Mamestra brassicae,
leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae), whiteflies (Aleyrodidae) and the like on important agronomic crops such as fruit trees, for example citrus, apple and pear; tea plants; vegetables and the like.
Chlorfenapyr, which is an active ingredient of the insecticidal and miticidal composition of the invention, is a known compound described in Japanese Laid-open (Kokai) Patent Publication No. 104042/89 and its way of using as agrohorticultural insecticidal and miticidal agent is shown in the Publication. It can also be easily synthesized according to the method described in the Publication.
Organophosphoric acid ester-type compounds which are suitable for use as the second active ingredient in the composition of the invention are compounds represented by the general formulae (I) or (II),
wherein
X represents oxygen atom or sulfur atom,
Y represents oxygen atom or sulfur atom, group represented by —S(CH
2
)
n
S— (n is 1 or 2) or single bond,
R
1
represents C
1
-C
6
alkyl group,
R
2
represents C
1
-C
8
alkoxy group, C
1
-C
8
alkylthio group, C
1
-C
4
alkylcarbonylamino group, C
1
-C
6
alkylamino group or phenyl group, and
R
3
represents C
1
-C
8
alkyl group, C
2
-C
6
alkenyl group, amino group, phenyl group, or heteroaryl group, which are unsubstituted or substituted by 1 to 4 same or different substituents selected from the substituent group A mentioned below, or the following formula (III)
(wherein R
1
, R
2
and X mean the same as the above-mentioned).
Substituent group A: C
1
-C
8
alkyl group, C
1
-C
8
alkoxy group, C
1
-C
6
aliphatic acyl group, C
1
-C
6
alkoxycarbonyl group, C
1
-C
6
alkylthio group, C
1
-C
6
alkylamino group, di-C
1
-C
6
alkylamino group, C
1
-C
4
alkylsulfinyl group, C
1
-C
4
haloalkyl group, N—C
1
-C
4
alkylcarbamoyl group, N,N-di-C
1
-C
4
alkylcarbamoyl group, N—C
1
-C
4
alkyl-N-formylcarbamoyl group, heteroaryl group which may be substituted, phenyl group which may be substituted, halogen atom, nitro group, cyano group, hydroxy group and acetylamino group.
In the general formulae (I) and (III), the “C
1
-C
6
alkyl group” in the definition of R
1
is a straight chain or branched chain alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, i-pentyl, 2-methylbutyl, neopentyl, 1-ethyl-propyl, n-hexyl, 4-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 1-methylpentyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,1-dimeth
American Cyanamid Co.
Maurer Barbara V.
Robinson Allen J.
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