Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Having -c- – wherein x is chalcogen – bonded directly to...
Reexamination Certificate
1999-05-24
2001-04-24
Robinson, Allen J. (Department: 1616)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Having -c-, wherein x is chalcogen, bonded directly to...
C514S431000, C514S479000, C514S483000, C514S518000, C514S587000, C514S435000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06221896
ABSTRACT:
DESCRIPTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to insecticidal and miticidal compositions which contain as active ingredients 4-bromo-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-l-(ethoxymethyl)-5-(trifuloromethyl)pyrrole-3-carbonitrile (hereinafter referred to as chlorfenapyr) in combination with a second insecticidal and miticidal ingredient(s) which can be effectively applied especially in the agrohorticultural field.
2. Background of the Invention
Chlorfenapyr, which is an active ingredient of the insecticidal and miticidal composition of the invention, is known to be effective against insects such as Hemiptera pests such as leafhoppers (DoItocephalidae), Lepidoptera pests such as diamond back moth (
Plutella xylostella
), common cutworm (
Spodoptera litura
) and apple leafminer (
Phyllonorycter ringoniella
) and Thysanoptera pests such as
Thrips palmi
and yellow tea thrips (
Spirtothrips dorsalis
) and agrohorticultural pests such as mites such as two-spotted spider mite (
Tetranychus urticae koch
), Kanzawa spider mite (
Tetranychus kanzawai kishida
) and
Aculops pelekassi.
The second active ingredient of the insecticidal and miticidal composition of the invention includes one or more of the following compounds: hexachlorohexahydromethanobenzodioxathiepine oxide [benzoepin (endosulfan)]; Nereistoxin-type insecticidal agents such as 1,3-bis-(carbamoylthio)-2-(N,N-dimethyl-amino)propane hydrochloride (cartap), 5-dimethyl-amino-1,2,3-trithiane oxalate (thiocyclam) and the like; and 1-tert-butyl-3-(2,6-diisopropyl-4-phenoxyphenyl)-thiourea (diafenthiuron), all of which are known to be effective agents against agricultural pests such as Hemiptera, Lepidoptera and Coleoptera insects.
Although insecticidal and miticidal agents have been developed in order to control various pests such as agrohorticultural pests or hygienic pests and in practice have been used as a single or a mixed agent, pests which have acquired resistance against various agents have been appearing as a result of the repeated use of these agents.
In particular, important economic pests in agrohorticulture such as Tetranychidae, which have a propensity to easily develop resistance against pesticidal agents due to their ability to deposit large numbers of eggs and produce large numbers of generations which, themselves, require only a few days for development are of great concern. Resistance development in this pest family is also favored by a high mutation rate and frequent inbreeding, due to minimal migration. For these reasons, two-spotted spider mite (
Tetranychus urticae koch
), Kanzawa spider mite (
Tetranychus kanzawai kishida
),
Aculops pelekassi
, and the like have acquired resistance, to some degree, against almost all existing pesticidal agents. Therefore, in order to prevent and control the damage caused by Tetranychidae, development of a new insecticidal and miticidal agent which shows a high effect against Tetranychidae which have acquired resistance against the conventional miticidal agents is highly desirable.
However, to obtain an insecticidal and miticidal composition which shows no cross-resistance with existing insecticidal and miticidal agents, has no toxicity problems and has little negative impact on the environment, is extremely difficult. Therefore, a means to delay or prevent the development of resistant strains of pest species is always being sought. In order to apply an effective agent as long as possible, a rotational application of agents with different mechanisms of action is adopted for good pest management practice. However, this approach does not necessarily give satisfactory pest control. Therefore, after a resistance problem has occurred, a countermeasure to resistance by combining insecticidal and miticidal agents has been studied. However, a high synergistic action has not always been found.
Therefore, it is an object of this invention to provide an insecticidal and miticidal composition which demonstrates a high controlling effect even against Tetranychidae which have acquired resistance against chlorfenapyr.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In order to establish a countermeasure to a resistance problem in Tetrachychidae against chlorfenapyr before such a problem occurs, the synergistic action with the existing insecticidal, miticidal and fungicidal agents was studied using resistant species which have been artificially established in the laboratory by selecting Tetrachychidae which have been treated with chlorfenapyr. Thus, it has now been found that an insecticidal and miticidal composition which contains as active ingredient chlorfenapyr in combination with one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of benzoepin, nereistoxin-type insecticidal agents and diafenthiuron shows a joint action or synergistic effect which could not be foreseen from each individual ingredient alone.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Chlorfenapyr, which is an active ingredient of the insecticidal and miticidal composition of the invention, is a known compound (Japanese Laid-open (Kokai) Patent Publication.No. 104042/89). Compounds which are suitable for use as the second active ingredient in the composition of the invention such as one or more of the following compounds:
1) Benzoepin (6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro- 1,5,5a, 9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4.3-benzodioxathiepin-3-oxide),
2) Nereistoxin-type insecticidal agents such as Cartap (1,3-bis(carbamoylthio)-2-(N,N-dimethylamino)propane hydrochloride), Thiocyclam (5-dimethylamino-1,2,3-trithiane oxalate) and Bensultap (S,S′-2-dimethylaminotrimethylene-di(benzenethiosulfonate), preferably cartap and thiocyclam, and
3) Diafenthiuron (1-tert-butyl-3-(2,6-diisopropyl-4-phenoxyphenyl)thiourea)
(hereinafter referred to as Group A) are all known compounds and are commercial products which are readily available.
For the preparation of the insecticidal and miticidal composition of the invention, it is suitable to formulate as a wettable powder, aqueous concentrate, emulsion, liquid concentrate, sol (flowable agent), powder, aerosol, or the like, by conventional methods such as admixing chlorfenapyr and one or more compounds of Group A with a suitable carrier and auxilliaries, such as emulsifiers, dispersants, stabilizers, suspending agents, penetrants, and the like.
The content of the total active ingredients of the composition of the invention, expressed as weight/weight %, is preferably in the range of about 1-90% for wettable powder, aqueous concentrate, emulsion, liquid concentrate and sol formulations. The preferable content of total active ingredients is about 0.5-10% for powder formulations and about 0.01-2% for aerosol formulations.
Carriers suitable for use in the insecticidal and miticidal compositions of the invention may be any solid or liquid carrier which is commonly used for an agrohorticultural composition. Various surfactants, stabilizers and other auxiliary ingredients may be used according to the necessity. In commercially useful formulations, the composition of the invention may also be present in a mixture with other active agents, for example various insecticidal, miticidal, fungicidal and herbicidal agents, plant growth regulators, repellants, attractants, synergists and fertilizers and fragrances, in order to expand its applicability.
The ratio of chlorfenapyr to the compound(s) of Group A in the insecticidal and miticidal composition of the invention is about 1 weight part of chlorfenapyr to about 0.01-100 weight parts, preferably about 1-20 weight parts, of a compound(s) of Group A.
The insecticidal and miticidal composition of the invention is particularly effective for the control of Tetranychidae such as two-spotted spider mite (
Tetranychus urticae koch
),
Tetranychus cinnabarinus
(boisduyal), Kanzawa spider mite (
Tetranychus Kanzawai kishida
),
Tetranichus viennensis zacher
, and the like.
Advantageously, the insecticidal and miticidal composition of the invention shows not only a synergistic miticidal effect against the above-mentioned Tetranychidae, but also demonstrates simultaneous control of troubl
American Cyanamid Co.
Maurer Barbara V.
Renda Barbara L.
Robinson Allen J.
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