Insect repellent

Details Insect repellent Insect repellent

1994-11-23

1996-12-31

Levy, Neil

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Preparations characterized by special physical form

Biocides; animal or insect repellents or attractants

424DIG10, 514519, 514546, 514549, 514724, A01N 2502

Patent

active

055891810

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to an insect repellent against flying, biting and sucking insects.
Repellents are chemical substances having a repellent effect on insects. Their use in human and veterinary hygiene is of great practical importance, where they protect man and beast against attack by bloodsucking, biting or otherwise annoying insects. It is required that repellents which are directly applied onto the skin are well tolerated by the skin, non-toxic, perspiration-resistant and light-fast and perfect in cosmetic respect. Moreover, the protection of the treated skin areas is to last for the longest possible period of time and the spectrum of activity of the repellents is to be as broad as possible, i.e. they should act against the largest possible number of harmful and annoying insects.
In the past, essential oils such as citronella oil, camphor and eucalyptus oil have been used as repellents; however, due to their disadvantages they were predominantly replaced by synthetic repellents. Synthetic repellents used in the prior art are e.g. phthalic acid dimethyl ester, 1,2-ethyl hexane-1,3-diol, 3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-2H-pyran-6-carboxylic acid-n-butyl ester, succinic acid dipropyl ester, N,N-diethyl-3-methyl-benzoic acid amide and pyridine-2,5-dicarboxylic acid-d-n-propyl ester (Ullmanns Encyklop adie der technischen Chemie, 4th edition, vol. 13, pages 237 et seq., 1977). However, such synthetic repellents are often not perspiration-resistant and irritate the mucous membranes. Skin tolerance and, more recently, also bio-degradability of each synthetic repellent must at first be examined.
Accordingly, the present invention is based on the object of providing an effective repellent for application onto the skin on the basis of natural and nature-identical raw materials with the least toxicological risk, which also develops a high effectiveness over a long period of time.
According to the invention, this object is attained by a repellent which contains at least one fatty acid alkyl ester having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and at least one natural, nature-identical or synthetic fatty alcohol as the active substance and at least one natural or nature-identical vegetable or animal fatty oil as the carrier.
Moreover, the present invention relates to the use of the repellent according to the invention for repelling flying, biting and sucking insects in man and beast.
Examples for the fatty acid alkyl esters having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, which are used in the insect repellent according to the invention are methyl, ethyl or butyl esters of fatty acids from natural or nature-identical vegetal or animal fatty oils from the group consisting of rape-seed oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, peanut butter, soy oil, safflower seed oil, cuphea oil, coconut oil, palm kernel oil, palm oil and fish oil. Fatty acids having 5 to 19 carbon atoms are preferred.
A natural, nature-identical or synthetic fatty alcohol having preferably 5 to 18 carbon atoms, being saturated or having 1 to 3 unsaturated bonds per molecule is admixed to the used fatty acid alkyl ester as a further active substance according to the invention. The natural fatty alcohols are e.g. obtained from vegetal and/or animal oils and/or the fatty acids and/or fatty acid alkyl esters, which can be obtained therefrom. The nature-identical and/or synthetic fatty alcohols can e.g. be obtained from paraffin and/or ethene. A preferred active substance combination of the repellent according to the invention contains 1 to 99% by weight of the fatty acid alkyl ester and 99 to 1% by weight of the fatty alcohol.
In further preferred embodiments, the repellent according to the invention contains 70 to 98% by weight of fatty acid alkyl ester and 30 to 2% by weight of fatty alcohol, 30 to 2% by weight of fatty acid alkyl ester and 70 to 98% by weight of fatty alcohol, 60 to 97% by weight of fatty acid alkyl ester and 40 to 3% by weight of fatty alcohol or 40 to 3% by weight of fatty acid alkyl ester and 60 to 97% by weight of fatty alcohol.
In

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