Compositions: coating or plastic – Coating or plastic compositions – Marking
Reexamination Certificate
1999-10-18
2001-04-03
Klemanski, Helene (Department: 1755)
Compositions: coating or plastic
Coating or plastic compositions
Marking
C106S031750
Reexamination Certificate
active
06210473
ABSTRACT:
Attention is directed to commonly owned and assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,164,232, issued Nov. 17, 1992, entitled “Ink Compositions”, which patent discloses an ink composition which comprises an aqueous liquid vehicle, a colorant, and a phosphate ester; and U.S. Pat. No. 5,281,261, issued Jan. 25, 1994, entitled “Ink Compositions Containing Modified Pigment Particles”, which patent discloses an ink composition comprising an aqueous liquid vehicle and pigment particles having attached to the surfaces thereof a polymerized vinyl aromatic salt. In one embodiment, the polymeric vinyl aromatic salt is chemically grafted to the surfaces of the pigment particles; in another embodiment, the polymeric vinyl aromatic salt is adsorbed onto the surfaces of the pigment particles.
The disclosures of each the above mentioned patents are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. The appropriate components and processes of these patents may be selected for the inks and processes of the present invention in embodiments thereof.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is generally directed to ink compositions and imaging processes thereof, and more specifically, the present invention is directed to ink compositions containing highly stabilized pigment particles and dispersions thereof and improved ink jetting and printing properties arising therefrom. Even more specifically, the present invention is directed to substantially stable carbon black ink dispersions and wherein the resulting inks possess a number of advantages such as excellent jetting characteristics and superior developed images with excellent resolution.
PRIOR ART
In U.S. Pat. No. 5,672,198, issued Sep. 30, 1997, to Belmont, there is disclosed an aqueous ink composition which include a modified carbon product comprising a carbon having attached at least one organic group that is substituted with an ionic or an ionizable group. A coating composition is also described and comprises water, a binder, and a modified carbon product having at least one organic group attached to carbon wherein the organic group is substituted with an ionic or an ionizable group.
In U.S. Pat. No. 5,397,807, issued Mar. 14, 1995, to Hitchcock, et al., there is disclosed a compatibilized carbon black useful in melt processing of plastic material. The carbon black is coated with a compatibilizing agent which enhances the dispersibility of the carbon black in a melt of the plastic material. Further disclosed are processes for making plastic foam structures with the compatibilized carbon black.
In U.S. Pat. No. 5,698,016, issued Dec. 16, 1997, to Adams, et al., there is disclosed a composition which comprises a) an amphiphilic ion, and b) a modified carbon product comprising carbon having attached at least one organic group. The organic group has a charge opposite to the amphiphilic ion. Also disclosed are aqueous and non-aqueous ink and coating compositions incorporating this composition. Ink jet ink compositions are further described incorporating this composition.
In U.S. Pat. No. 4,994,520, issued Feb. 19, 1991, to Mori, et al., there is disclosed a carbon black-graft polymer, produced by causing a polymer possessing within the molecular unit thereof at least one reactive group selected from the class consisting of aziridine group, oxazoline group, N-hydroxyalkylamide group, epoxy group, and thioepoxy group to react with carbon black. The polymer can be used as a toner for electrostatically charged image, resin composition, coating composition, ink for thermographic transfer, coating agent for magnetic recording medium, rubber composition, and carbon black dispersion and the like.
In U.S. Pat. No. 5,725,647, issued Mar. 10, 1998, to Carlson, et al., there is disclosed pigmented inks comprising an aqueous medium, a pigment, a dispersant, and a humectant. The humectant is a sulfonated polyethylene oxide which provides long decap times and fast drying of the printed image. Inks are further disclosed where the dispersant is an alkyl(sulfophenoxy)benzenesulfonic acid or its salt. Such dispersants reduce the agglomeration of pigment particles and reduce or eliminate the deposition of foreign substances on heater elements during the jetting process. A variety of pigments, dispersants, humectants, and aqueous media can be used. Combinations of a sulfonated polyethylene oxide humectant and an alkyl(sulfophenoxy)benzenesulfonic acid (salt) dispersant provide inks with good stability, few kogation problems, long decap times and relatively fast drying times.
In U.S. Pat. No. 5,725,650, issued Mar. 10, 1998, to Flenniken, et al., there is disclosed a treated carbon black produced by treating with at least one polyethylene glycol having a weight of from about 1,000 to about 1,000,000. The treated carbon black may be used in forming polymeric compositions, such as semi-conductive and insulating compounds, for example for use in electrical cables.
In U.S. Pat. No. 5,184,148, issued Feb. 2, 1993, to Suga, et al., there is disclosed an ink comprising an aqueous liquid medium which contains acid carbon black having a volatile content within the range of 3.5 to 8% by weight and a water-soluble resin having a weight average molecular weight within the range of 3,000 to 30,000, wherein the weight ratio of the acid carbon black to the water-soluble resin is within the range of 3:1 to 10:1. The present invention also relates to an ink jet recording method, and ink jet device, an ink cartridge and an ink jet recording apparatus which uses the ink.
In U.S. Pat. No. 5,026,427, issued Jun. 25, 1991, to Mitchell, et al., there is disclosed a process for the preparation of pigmented ink jet inks comprising: (a) mixing at least one pigment and at least one pigment dispersant in a dispersant medium to form a pigmented ink mixture wherein pigment is present in an amount up to 60% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture; (b) deflocculating the pigmented ink mixture by passing the pigmented ink mixture through at least a plurality of nozzles within a liquid jet interaction chamber at a liquid pressure of at least 1,000 psi to produce a substantially uniform dispersion of pigment particles in the dispersant medium.
The aforementioned patents are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
The ink compositions and processes of the present invention are useful in many applications including imaging and printing processes, including color printing, for example, thermal ink jet (TIJ), bubble jet, and acoustic ink printing systems, including digital systems.
Moreover, an important requirement for ink jet inks, especially for pigment, such as carbon black, based inks, is for the pigment dispersion to remain stable throughout the life of the ink jet cartridge. Typical dye-based ink jet inks suffer from deficiencies in water fastness, smear resistance and light fastness after being printed on various substrates. Pigments provide an image, on a wide variety of substrates, having high optical density with high water fastness, smear resistance and light fastness. Therefore, pigments are a preferred alternative to dyes, provided the pigment dispersions can be made stable to prevent flocculation and/or aggregation and settling. Some co-solvents that are good as clogging inhibitors cause destablization of pigment dispersions and cannot be used in pigmented inks.
There is thus a need for aqueous ink compositions that can be utilized in high resolution ink jet printers. Additionally, there is a need for stable pigmented inks that provide high latency and also remain stable throughout the life of the ink jet cartridge. There is also a need for stable pigmented inks that provide high optical density in a single application or pass. Also, there is a need for ink jet inks wherein paper curl, and/or image smearing can be eliminated or minimized when such inks are selected for ink jet printing processes.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention, include:
An ink composition comprising: aqueous liquid vehicle, a colorant, and an amino bisphosphonate stabilizing
Boils Danielle C.
Gagnon Yvan
MacKinnon David N.
Mayo James D.
Haack John L.
Klemanski Helene
Xerox Corporation
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