Injection method for administering microparticles containing act

Details Injection method for administering microparticles containing act Injection method for administering microparticles containing act

1998-09-14

2000-08-15

Levy, Neil S.

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Preparations characterized by special physical form

Biocides; animal or insect repellents or attractants

424406, 424408, 424417, 424490, 424493, 424494, 424496, 424497, 424498, 424500, 424501, 424502, 424499, 47 575, 504116, A01N 2508

Patent

active

061032514

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a process for the administration of active substance-containing flowable, solid, semisolid, or liquid media having a controlled release of at least one active substance to plants by means of injection using needle-free pressure-actuated devices.
It is known in the art to use needle-free pressure-actuated injection devices for the administration of bioactive substances to plants. For example, DE-OS 25 55 092 describes the use of pressure injectors with a plurality of injection nozzles for the treatment of plants. U.S. Pat. No. 3,069,809 also describes pressure-actuated injection devices without injection cannulae by means of which active substances are brought into plants.
The use of needle-free high-pressure injectors represents a favorable alternative to conventional injection processes. Owing to the fact that relatively high-viscous media can be injected by means of the needle-free injection technique, it is also possible to inject polymeric liquids into plants to be treated. This is of particular importance since the injection medium may be a formulation having controlled release properties. Another advantage of this needle-free injection technique and its corresponding devices, which are capable of creating very high pressures, is the possibility of treating plants having a relatively thick wood-body.
It is also known to administer controlled-release active substance preparations to plants by injecting particulate active substance carriers. U.S. Pat. No. 5 275 819 describes a feed system for biologically active substances to living organisms (humans, animals, plants). This feed system is to be administered enterically (injectable or implantable). The known device consists of a plurality of natural active substance-containing microbeads (microspheres), i.e. those occurring in animal or plant organisms, which release active substances in a controlled manner when in use.
U.S. Pat. No. 4 690 682 describes an active substance delivery system achieving a delayed active substance release in human, animal or plant bodies. In this case, injectable active substance-containing microcapsuies are concerned which have a size between 0.1 and 3.0 .mu.m and a porous, release-controlling membrane.
Both documents point out the advantages of microencapsulating active substances in the administration to living organisms, inter alia to plants; these in particular include increase in stability, fixation of volatile substances, and reduction of toxicity. In particular toxicity reduction is of decisive importance for an administration form when plants are injected with active substances of relatively high phytotoxic potential; this is documented in relevant literature (F. Muller, "Phytopharmakologie"), for example.
Moreover, microencapsulating the injectable substances ensures that they are not directly influenced by the plant metabolism. It is known that there are several factors impairing or limiting the distribution of organic compounds in the plant, in particular when it takes place in the phloem. These factors in particular include adsorption, formation of complexes and conjugates, and release from the sieve tubes into neighboring sieve parenchyma cells which may have a detrimental effect on the transport of exogenous substances.
However, it is pointed out in this context that--in contrast to external applications such as spraying processes--the risks connected with the injection of encapsulated active substances cannot completely be excluded. The properties of the polymeric starting materials used, e.g., low decomposition rate, plant intolerance, as well as the particle characteristics, e.g., particle diameter, represent factors which may have a negative effect on the mobility of the substances which are phloem-mobile per se.
However, to develop a protective or therapeutic effect active substances must reach their sites of action in sufficient amounts. As a consequence, capability of being translocated is of particular importance.
To distribute the injected microparticles efficiently in c

REFERENCES:
patent: 3069809 (1962-12-01), Simmons
patent: 3482353 (1969-12-01), Fisher et al.
patent: 4690682 (1987-09-01), Lim
patent: 5275819 (1994-01-01), Amer

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