Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – With means for split-prevention or damaged part repair – Using settable material
Reexamination Certificate
1998-08-14
2001-02-20
Safavi, Michael (Department: 3635)
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
With means for split-prevention or damaged part repair
Using settable material
C052S742140, C052S742160, C405S259500
Reexamination Certificate
active
06189281
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to anchoring devices, more specifically, the invention relates to an injection or grouting body which, comprising a centrally-arranged filling tube and at least one fabric stocking surrounding the filling tube, is inserted into a borehole, into slits or similar openings in order to transfer mechanical stresses in structures in above- and under-ground construction.
BACKGROUND ART
So-called injection or grouting anchors are used to secure construction components to unstable backgrounds, strengthen structures on construction sites and render safe buildings that have been threatened by damage caused by mining. As disclosed in DIN 4125, used in such cases are construction elements in respect of which a grouting body, having been created by the forcing of grout around the rear part of a steel stress member installed in the ground, is attached via steel stress members and anchor head to the construction component or mine component to be anchored.
Another important application is the anchoring of damaged masonry or concrete sections in above-ground construction, bridge construction or below-ground construction. Injection or grouting anchors are also used in tunnel construction to anchor inner tunnel linings, and in mines to help compact galleries and secure suspended ceilings. This type of grouting anchor is described, for example, in DIN 4125 and 4128.
If, for example, excessive loads or moments have to be dispersed in certain regions over predetermined lengths or borehole depths, the prior art injection or grouting anchors are not suitable or not particularly suitable. The prior art injection or grouting anchors are factory manufactured, which means that the borehole depths, which are selected to ensure special stress or load dispersal, must be known at the time the anchor is being manufactured, which entails significant production problems, since the anchors have to be made to order. Mass production is not possible in this case. Thus there exists a need for an improved anchor and methods of installation thereof.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
The object of the invention is the creation of an injection or grouting body that can be adapted on site to local requirements and be easily assembled, installed and immediately employed at the construction site. It is proposed that this object be addressed by an injection or grouting body of the type first described, wherein the filling tube is designed as a tube of fabric or similar material and wherein arranged axis-parallel between the fabric stockings are at least two reinforcing wires and/or rods and/or pipes/ and/or ridged sheet metal strips.
This type of injection or grouting body thus comprises a small number of conventional elements that can be readily installed at the construction site and adapted to local conditions.
Both the length of the grouting body and the adaptation to the desired stress or load dispersal can be easily determined on site, for example through the selection of the number and cross sections of the reinforcing elements to be employed.
Since the preferred design of the fabric stocking mesh permits only a relatively small amount of filler to escape radially, the latter expands to force the reinforcing wires, rods, pipes or ridged sheet metal strips, which are disposed around the fabric stocking, against the outer circumference.
In another embodiment of the invention, the reinforcing wires and/or rods and/or pipes disposed on the outside of the inner fabric stocking are attached at points to the fabric of the stocking so as to ensure that the reinforcing elements will remain in position after the anchor has been filled.
It is proposed that the outer and/or inner fabric stocking be designed to expand and adapt to the borehole, which must be laid out in anticipation of the loads to be dispersed or the stresses to be displaced. This arrangement permits the same basic elements considerable scope for adapting the injection or grouting body.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the fabric stockings are embodied at least in sections as a metal fabric mesh, an arrangement that broadens considerably the range of applicability. The mesh fabric embodiments of this arrangement is, for example, designed of very fine wires or metal fibres which, owing to their looped arrangement, can expand up to about 20% of the circumference of the stocking.
The inner fabric stocking is advantageously slightly shorter than the reinforcing wires, rods, pipes or ridged sheet metal, so that the filler is permitted to flow up to the end of the inner fabric tube, from thence out to the inside of the outer fabric tube, which, being closed, causes the filler to flow back up into the region of the filling entrance and out of the borehole, an indication that filling of the injection body has been successfully completed.
In a further variant of the invention, the wires and/or rods are designed in a U-shape, or other comparably acting contour, whereby their bent positions are preferably arranged at one end of the injection or grouting body. The reinforcing elements of the injection or grouting body are disposed in its peripheral region. Further advantages of this variant are realized because of the significantly increased resistance afforded by such a wire or rod bundle against being pulled out.
In order to increase resistance against being pulled out, the reinforcing wires and/or rods and/or pipes are preferably designed to be at least partially deformed over at least a part of their length.
Another variant of the invention comprises that each reinforcing wire and/or rod and/or pipe or a group of wires and/or rods and/or pipes have deformations or other comparably acting features at predetermined locations over a predetermined length for the purposes of stress displacement or load and/or moment dispersal from defined zones.
If, for example, load or moment dispersal is required in certain serially-disposed regions of varying sizes, wires, pipes or rods, whose thickness and number can be selected in accordance with load or moment dispersal requirements, can be selected for each region, in which case a bundle of wires or rods is assembled for the purpose of dispersing load from a single region, while a further bundle of wires, pipes or rods takes over load or moment dispersal from another region. An advantage of this approach is that the tensile strength of a wire, pipe or rod bundle can be designed to meet the requirements and be exploited; in such a case, further loads do not generally act on this wire or rod bundle. In such an arrangement, even the individual load regions are not generally influenced by one another and a single injection body can thus displace or transfer loads or moments from various regions relatively independently of other regions.
In order to increase resistance against pulling-out, the wires and/or rods and/or pipes may have corrugations in the manner of a hair pin, and/or are twisted, or similarly configured, in which case the deformations are preferably provided in those locations and zones in which the individual loads or moments occur. Advantageously, in addition, either steel or glass wool or other comparable material can be twisted into the existing twists. Thus, the reinforcing elements may be corrugated or twisted in defined regions and attached to steel or glass wool.
The injection body as proposed also permits improvement of the filling procedure in that provided at the anchor head is an endplate or an adapter which, being attached to the reinforcing elements, can be connected to a vibrating device, an arrangement that permits the mechanical vibrations thus produced to be transmitted to the reinforcing elements.
This arrangement, by permitting transmission of vibrational energy to all regions of the injection anchor may further improve the flow capability of the filler. This arrangement permits the injection bodies to be produced in long lengths, without hampering filler injection. This procedure permits the production of anchors in lengths of 50 m or longer. This is one advantage resu
International Intec Patent Holding Establishment
Jocke Ralph E.
Safavi Michael
Walker & Jocke
Wasil Daniel D.
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