Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – Specified wear or friction-type traffic-carrying surface
Patent
1996-10-09
1998-12-15
Kent, Christopher
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
Specified wear or friction-type traffic-carrying surface
52327, E04F 1512
Patent
active
058485040
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to an improved industrial floor composed of at least two layers: which a shrinkage phenomenon may manifest itself or be manifested at the time of setting or hardening; covering layer", which is not bound to the concrete base. This second layer may preferably be obtained from a composition based on at least one hydraulic binder and/or at least one organic binder.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention further relates to a method for the production of such an improved floor.
The expression "industrial floor" is intended to mean a sheltered floor supporting all the economic activity of industrial buildings with widely varied activities, excluding so-called pedestrian floors: factories, warehouses, workshops, laboratories, partially sheltered unloading bays, station platforms, etc. The industrial floor is then intended to receive high static and dynamic loads.
Whereas the covering is directly in contact with the external mechanical stresses, it is the role of the concrete base to receive them, transmit them or distribute them in the floor so that the covering is not degraded rapidly and the industrial floor does not require excessively frequent renovations.
Owing to technical advances, the external stresses to which industrial floors are subjected are becoming more and more important: in this regard, mention may be made of the heavy traffic of transporters, high-level storage, etc.
In parallel with this technical advance, there is an increasing requirement for an industrial floor to remain constantly flat and to keep a smooth non-slippery surface (that is to say one which does not contain holes, projections, cracks or other obstacles), in order: particular transporters, and consequently in order not to cause industrial accidents; easy to maintain in order to improve the working environment;
This is why there is a particular requirement for industrial floors to fulfil at least all of the following mechanical characteristics: machines as well as their weight; surface areas such as a storage structure, etc.; cracking, predictable quantified impacts during the design of the floor, of the type involving the sudden depositing of heavy components, falling objects, etc.; working temperature (for example the risk of the industrial floor freezing) or thermal variations which it may undergo.
Furthermore, essentially for economic reasons, the choice of a type of industrial floor is determined according to the production time (in the case in point, preparing or making the concrete base, making the covering and the time required before commissioning), location and climatic conditions, etc.
To satisfy these requirements, a covering in the form of an incorporated screed (i.e. a wear layer fitted on fresh concrete) or an attached screed (i.e. a wear layer fitted on hardened concrete) is most often provided on the concrete bases.
More particularly, in the case of an attached screed, the upper layer of the concrete base is provided with surface roughness and, if necessary, is covered with a product in order to make an adhesion bridge between the base and the covering.
However, these industrial floors in which the covering adheres to the concrete base must, for the most part, include a large and sufficient number of joints, or else there is a considerable risk of random cracks occurring on the visible surface of the floor. In fact, these joints essentially serve to compensate for the phenomena of differential expansion between the covering and the concrete, to isolate a part of the floor (in particular around posts and machine bases) in order to allow vertical movements of any origin and to compensate for the phenomena of shrinkage of the concrete when it sets.
Thus, concrete is a material whose volume decreases when it sets and hardens --this is a shrinkage phenomena. Shrinkage is measured in microns per meter: for ordinary concretes, it may exceed 1000 microns per meter.
The consequence of shrinkage is the almost inevitable occurrence of cracks in the concrete. Furthermore, be
REFERENCES:
patent: 3024711 (1962-03-01), Madison
patent: 4924645 (1990-05-01), Abeln
patent: 5564251 (1996-10-01), Van Bers
Laid-open No. 159476/1988, Laid-open Date: Jul. 2, 1988, Application No. 307501/1986 of Pola Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd. and Teikoku Kako Co., Ltd.
Guerinet Jean-Paul
Nouailhetas Herve
Kent Christopher
Lafarge Materiaux de Specialites
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