Multicellular living organisms and unmodified parts thereof and – Method of introducing a polynucleotide molecule into or... – The polynucleotide confers pathogen or pest resistance
Reexamination Certificate
1996-09-04
2003-11-18
Mehta, Ashwin (Department: 1638)
Multicellular living organisms and unmodified parts thereof and
Method of introducing a polynucleotide molecule into or...
The polynucleotide confers pathogen or pest resistance
C435S320100, C435S419000, C435S468000, C536S024100, C800S294000, C800S301000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06649813
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Since the 1986 paper of P. Powell-Abel et al [see
Science
223:738] showing that plants transformed with and expressing the coat protein gene of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) are resistant to TMV, there have been a number of other examples of this concept which will undoubtedly have important implications for the protection of many crop species from various viral infections. To date, for example, viral coat protein-mediated resistance has been shown with at least 25 viruses in 15 taxonomic groups including alfalfa mosaic virus, tobacco rattle virus, potato virus X, cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), potyviruses, and plants transformed with both potato virus X and potato virus Y coat protein.
Plant virus sequences other than those coding for the viral coat protein have been tested to determine if transformed plants can be made to exhibit resistance to post-transformation viral infection. Positive sense sequences of alfalfa mosaic virus comprising almost full length copies of RNAs 1 and 2 failed to induce resistance in transformed plants [see Virology 163:572 (1988)]; anti-sense sequences of the TMV and potato virus coat protein genes did induce a low level of resistance in transformed tobacco [see Proc. Nat'l Acad. Sci., USA 86:6949 (1989); and EMBO Journal 7:1273 (1988)]; likewise antisense RNAs from one of three region, tested (5′ sequences of RNA 1) of the CMV genome gave a low level of resistance in one transformant line.
Other forms of resistance using plant transformations with DNAs prepared from satellite RNAs of plant viruses have been reported, such as the use of the satellite of CMV [see Nature 328:799 (1987)] and the concept of the ribozyme based on sequences from satellite RNAs which possess the capacity to self cleave [see Nature 334:585 (1988)].
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention described herein represents an entirely new type of virus-induced resistance which may be transferred from one plant generation to another. The present invention discloses that transgenic plants containing a coding sequence, taken from the read-through portion of the replicase portion of the viral genome, are resistant to subsequent disease by the virus; although there may be a very benign degree of virus synthesis in the inoculated leaf, the virus has been found not to spread and hence no disease develops. In the description which follows, the use of the 54 kDa coding sequence from TMV is described as a specific example of the broader technology according to the present invention. Thus, in its broadest aspects, the present invention defines a means for bringing about viral resistance in plants which have been transformed with nucleic acid copies of fragments or segments taken from the replicase portion of the pathogenic virus genome. In addition, the present invention defines transformed plants and their seeds which carry a portion of the viral genome which codes for a portion of the read-through portion of the replicase genome of the pathogenic virus. According to the present invention, transformed plants that contain a portion of the viral replicase gene within their genome are resistant to subsequent viral disease from the virus from which the portion was derived, and these plants may also be resistant to subsequent disease from other closely related viruses.
REFERENCES:
patent: 5240841 (1993-08-01), Johnston et al.
patent: 5510253 (1996-04-01), Mitsky et al.
patent: 5596132 (1997-01-01), Zaitlin et al.
patent: 5633449 (1997-05-01), Zaitlin et al.
patent: 5945581 (1999-08-01), Zaitlin et al.
patent: 278 627 (1988-01-01), None
patent: 421 376 (1990-10-01), None
patent: 426 195 (1990-11-01), None
patent: 536 106 (1992-10-01), None
patent: WO 89/08145 (1989-09-01), None
patent: WO 90/13654 (1990-11-01), None
patent: WO 91/13542 (1991-09-01), None
patent: WO 92/03539 (1992-03-01), None
patent: WO 94/18336 (1994-08-01), None
Sharma A, et al. “Tobacco leaf curl geminivirus infectionLonicera japonica:Evidence from nucleic acid hybridization and nucleotide sequencing.” Tokyo Nogyo Daigaku Aisotopu Senta Kenkyu Hokoku 10:19-26 (abstract only), 1997.*
Torres-Pacheco I, et al. “Complete nucleotide sequence of pepper huasteco analysis and comparison with bipartite geminiviruses.” J. Gen. Vir. 74: 2225-2231 (abstract only), Oct. 1993.*
Hanley-Bowdoin L, et al. “Expression of functional replication protein from tomato golden mosaic virus in transgenic tobacco plants.” PNAS 87: 1446-1450, Feb. 1990.*
Ishikawa M, et al. “In vitro mutagenesis of the putative replicase genes of tobacco mosaic virus.” Nucl. Acids Res. 14: 8291-8305, 1986.*
Goelet P, et al. “Nucleotide sequence of tobacco mosaic virus RNA.” PNAS 79: 5818-5822, 1982.*
Tenllado et al.,“Nicotiana benthamtanaPlants Transformed with the 54 kDa Region of the Pepper Mild Mottle Tobamovirus Replicase Gene Exhibit Two Types of Resistance Responses Against Viral Infection,”Virology, 211:170-183 (1995).
Inokuchi et al., “Interference with Viral Infection by Defective RNA Replicase,”Journal of Virology61(12):3946-49 (1987).
Young et al., “Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Expression in Wheat Protoplasis and Construction of Synthetic Genes to Interfere with Viral Replication,”J. Cell. Biochem.(M552):346 (1989).
Golemboski et al., “Plants Transformed with a Tobacco Mosaic Virus Nonstructural Gene Sequence are Resistant to the Virus,”Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA87:6311-15 (1990).
Rezaian et al., “Anti-sense RNAs of Cucumber Mosaic Virus in Transgenic Plants Assessed for Control of the Virus,”Plant Molecular Biology11:463-71 (1988).
Abel et al., “Delay of Disease Development in Transgenic Plants that Express the Tobacco Mosaic Virus Coat Protein Gene,”Science232:738-43 (1986).
Ishikawa et al., “In vitro Mutagenesis of the Putative Replicase Genes of Tobacco Mosaic Virus,”Nucleic Acids Research14(21):8291-05 (1986).
White et al., “In vitro Replication of Tobacco Mosaic Virus RNA in Tobacco Callus Cultures: Solubilization of Membrane-bound Replicase and Partial Purification,”Journal of Virology21(2):484-92 (1977).
Beachy et al., “Characterization and In vitro Translation of the RNAs from Less-than-full-length, Virus-related, Nucleoprotein Rods Present in Tobacco Mosaic Virus Preparations,”Virology81:160-69 (1977).
Meshi et al., “Two Concomitant Base Substitution in the Putative Replicase Genes of Tobacco Mosaic Virus Confer the Ability to Overcome the Effects of a Tomato Resistance Gene,Tm-1,” The EMBO Journal7(6):1575-81 (1988).
Powell et al., “Protection Against Tobacco Mosaic Virus in Transgenic Plants that Express Tobacco Mosaic Virus Antisense RNA,”Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA86:6949-52 (1989).
van Dun et al., “Transgenic Tobacco Expressing Tobacco Streak Virus or Mutated Alfalfa Mosaic Virus Coat Protein Does Not Cross-protect Against Alfalfa Mosaic Virus Infection,”Virology164:383-89 (1988).
Carr et al., “Resistance to Tobacco Mosaic Virus Induced by the 54-kDa Gene Sequence Requires Expression of the 54-kDa Protein,”Molecular Plant-Microbe Interations5(5):397-04 (1992).
J.A. Bruenn, “Relationships Among Positive Strand and Double-strand RNA Viruses as Viewed Through Their RNA-dependent RNA Polymerases,”Nucleic Acids Research19(2):217-26 (1991).
Young et al., “Tobacco Mosaic Virus Replicase and Replicative Structures,”J. Cell. Sci. Suppl.7:277-85 (1987).
Braun et al., “Expression of Amino-terminal Portins of Full-length Viral Replicase Genes in Transgenic Plants Confers Resistance to Potato Virus X Infection,”The Plant Cell4:735-44 (1992).
Lindbo et al., “Pathogen-derived Resistance to a Potyvirus: Immune and Resistant Phenotypes in Transgenic Tobacco Expressing Altered Forms of a Potyvirus Coat Protein Nucleotide Sequence,”Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions5(2):144-53 (1992).
Carr et al., “Resistance in Transgenic Tobacco Plants Expressing a Nonstructural Gene Sequence of Tobacco Mosaic Virus is a Consequence of Markedly Reduced Virus Replication,”Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions4(6):579-85 (1991).
Anderson et al., “A Defective Replicase Gene Induced Resistance to Cu
Golemboski Daniel
Lomonossoff George
Zaitlin Milton
Cornell Research Foundation Inc.
Mehta Ashwin
Nixon & Peabody LLP
LandOfFree
Induction of resistance to virus diseases by transformation... does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Induction of resistance to virus diseases by transformation..., we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Induction of resistance to virus diseases by transformation... will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-3169589