Mechanical guns and projectors – Projectile impelled by user-provided force
Patent
1987-06-12
1993-04-20
Lovering, Richard D.
Mechanical guns and projectors
Projectile impelled by user-provided force
4284022, 264 41, 264 43, 436829, A61K 9133, A61R 9127, B01J 1306
Patent
active
052041123
ABSTRACT:
Methods are described for controlling the transbilayer distribution of ionizable lipids and proteins in vesicles. Control of the ion gradient of the exterior bathing medium in relation to that of the interior entrapped aqueous compartment of the vesicles induces migration of ionizable lipids or proteins to one or the other of the monolayers comprising the bilayer. This can result in an asymmetric distribution of the ionizable lipid or ionizable protein. The basic ionizable lipids, such as stearylamine and sphingosine, are sequestered into the inner monolayer when the liposome interior is acidic relative to the liposome exterior. Conversely, acidic ionizable lipids such as oleic acid and stearic acid are sequestered into the inner monolayer when the liposome interior is basic relative to the liposome exterior bathing solution. Likewise, phospholipids such as phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, and cardiolipin may also be sequestered into the inner monolayer in response to a relatively acidic exterior medium. Such vesicles may contain bioactive agents and may be administered to mammals including humans.
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Cullis Pieter R.
Hope Michael J.
Bloom Allen
Covert John M.
Kurtz Catherine L.
Lovering Richard D.
The Liposome Company Inc.
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