Cutters – for shaping – Including tool having plural alternatively usable cutting edges – With integral chip breaker – guide or deflector
Patent
1997-02-21
1998-08-04
Pitts, A. L.
Cutters, for shaping
Including tool having plural alternatively usable cutting edges
With integral chip breaker, guide or deflector
407116, 407115, B23B 2722
Patent
active
057884277
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to an indexable insert having two parallel cutting edges formed on opposite sides of an indexable insert body at the same level, between which a top surface is provided with a chipbreaking structure formed by projections and recesses.
Indexable inserts exist in various different basic forms and in numerous customized designs, which by dint of their geometry and composition are adapted for different purposes and materials to be machined.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention makes available an indexable insert which is amenable to use in high performance applications while at the same time producing short, smooth and readily controlled chips at a lower power requirement.
In the indexable insert in accordance with the invention, the mutually alternating projections and recesses of the chipbreaking structure define a continuous undulating line, the crests of such undulating line rising above the cutting edges and the troughs being below the cutting edges; in a section athwart the center line the top surface has extending inward from each cutting edge part, a descending top surface part, which rises toward the center line and merges with the chipbreaking structure. Preferably, the chipbreaking structure is defined by a row of at least generally part-spherical chipbreaking bodies, said row being parallel to the cutting edges and being centered about the center line with concave chip guiding faces being formed between the said bodies.
Further advantageous developments and convenient forms of the invention will be understood from the following detailed descriptive disclosure in conjunction with the drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic perspective representation of the indexable insert, whose top surface is indicated by intersecting grid lines.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the indexable insert.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line III in FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a partially sectioned side elevation of one cutting edge of the indexable insert.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The indexable insert illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises an indexable insert body 10 of a generally rectangular block having a flat base surface, four side surfaces extending perpendicularly to such base surface and a top surface, which possesses inwardly descending top surface parts and a chipbreaking structure arranged along the center line M of the indexable insert body 10. Two cutting edges 12 and 14 are formed at the same level and are parallel to one another between the top surface and the two longer side surfaces.
The chipbreaking structure comprises generally part-spherical projections 16 in a row centered on the center line M of the cover surface, such projections alternating with concave recesses. As seen in a section along the center line M, the projection 16 and the recesses 18, and as apparent from FIG. 4, define a continuous undulating line, whose crests rise above the cutting edges 12 and 14 and whose troughs are lower than such cutting edges 12 and 14. As seen in a section athwart such center line M, the top surface respectively has, extending inward from a cutting edge part in the direction of the center line M, a descending top surface part 20, which, rising again toward the center line M, merges with the projections 16 and the recesses 18.
In the case of the preferred embodiment, which is depicted in FIGS. 3 and 4 with the main geometrical characteristics, the clearance angle at the side surface 10a is 0.degree.. At the cutting edge 12 there is a rising cutting edge land 22, which has a negative rake angle .alpha. of approximately 15.degree.. The cutting edge land 22 is radiused to merge with a flat part of the descending top surface part 20. This radiused zone has a radius R.sub.1 of less than 1 mm, as for instance, 0.8 mm. The width b of the cutting edge land 22 is less than 1 mm and amounts to, for example, 0.6 mm. The flat part of the descending top surface 20 possesses a positive rake angle .beta. of approximately 14.degree..
In F
REFERENCES:
patent: 4087192 (1978-05-01), Hertel
patent: 4214846 (1980-07-01), Kraemer
patent: 5028175 (1991-07-01), Pawlik
patent: 5626189 (1997-05-01), Hutchinson
patent: 5688081 (1997-11-01), Paya
Schutz Edgar
Zitzlaff Wolfgang
Kennametal Inc.
Pitts A. L.
Porcelli James G.
Prizzi John J.
Tsai Henry W. H.
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